The Whole Story
Al-Qaṣaṣ
القَصَص
Surah Al-Qaṣaṣ for kids content
LEARNING POINTS
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This surah provides details about the childhood and youth of Musa .
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Allah is full of knowledge and power.
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The idols cannot help their worshippers in this life or the Next.
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Allah always shows support to His faithful servants.
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Allah is willing to forgive people if they repent.
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It is important to pray to Allah in both good and bad times.
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Everyone should be grateful for Allah's blessings.
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The wicked will be shamed on Judgment Day.
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Pharaoh and Qaroon were destroyed for their arrogance.
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Allah is fair to everyone.
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The Quran is a true revelation from Allah.
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The Prophet is advised to have patience and keep calling others to Islam.
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Guidance is only from Allah.
BACKGROUND STORY
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It's reported that Pharaoh had a dream in which he saw a fire burning the homes of the Egyptians, but not the homes of the Children of Isra'il. He woke up terrified and asked his assistants to explain this dream.
They told him that his rule would be destroyed by a boy who was going to be born among the Children of Isra'il. This is why Pharaoh decided to kill their sons and keep their women. But Allah saved Musa.
Not only that, but Musa was raised in the palace of Pharaoh and under his special care. Pharaoh made plans, but Allah is the ultimate Planner. (Imam Ibn Kathir)
WORDS OF WISDOM
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Someone may ask, "Why is the story of Musa a repeated throughout the Quran?" Allah comforted the Prophet through the story of Musa because it was very relatable to him. Both of them had to deal with many challenges. Both had to leave their land. There were plans to kill them.
Their followers were tortured and abused. But in the end, they were successful and their enemies were doomed to fail.
PHARAOH'S ABUSE
1Ta-Sin-Mim.
2These are the verses of the clear Book.
3We tell you O Prophet" parts of the story of Musa and Pharaoh in truth for those who believe.
4Indeed, Pharaoh acted arrogantly in the land and divided its people into groups. He abused One of them, killing their sons and keeping their women. He was truly one of the corruptors.
5But We wanted to show favour to those who were abused in the land, making them models 'of faith' and giving them authority;
6and to estab-lish them in the land; and through them make the fears of Pharaoh, Haman,' and their soldiers come true.
طسٓمٓ1
تِلۡكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ٱلۡمُبِينِ2
نَتۡلُواْ عَلَيۡكَ مِن نَّبَإِ مُوسَىٰ وَفِرۡعَوۡنَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ لِقَوۡمٖ يُؤۡمِنُونَ3
إِنَّ فِرۡعَوۡنَ عَلَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَجَعَلَ أَهۡلَهَا شِيَعٗا يَسۡتَضۡعِفُ طَآئِفَةٗ مِّنۡهُمۡ يُذَبِّحُ أَبۡنَآءَهُمۡ وَيَسۡتَحۡيِۦ نِسَآءَهُمۡۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ4
وَنُرِيدُ أَن نَّمُنَّ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتُضۡعِفُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَنَجۡعَلَهُمۡ أَئِمَّةٗ وَنَجۡعَلَهُمُ ٱلۡوَٰرِثِينَ5
وَنُمَكِّنَ لَهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَنُرِيَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَهَٰمَٰنَ وَجُنُودَهُمَا مِنۡهُم مَّا كَانُواْ يَحۡذَرُونَ6
BABY MUSA IN THE NILE
7We inspired the mother of Musa: "Nurse him. But when you fear for his safety, then put him into the river, and do not fear or worry. We will definitely return him to you, and make him one of the messengers."
8And it so happened that Pharaoh's people picked him up, only to become their enemy and source of misery. Surely Pharaoh, Haman, and their soldiers were sinful.
وَأَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَىٰٓ أُمِّ مُوسَىٰٓ أَنۡ أَرۡضِعِيهِۖ فَإِذَا خِفۡتِ عَلَيۡهِ فَأَلۡقِيهِ فِي ٱلۡيَمِّ وَلَا تَخَافِي وَلَا تَحۡزَنِيٓۖ إِنَّا رَآدُّوهُ إِلَيۡكِ وَجَاعِلُوهُ مِنَ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلِينَ7
فَٱلۡتَقَطَهُۥٓ ءَالُ فِرۡعَوۡنَ لِيَكُونَ لَهُمۡ عَدُوّٗا وَحَزَنًاۗ إِنَّ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَهَٰمَٰنَ وَجُنُودَهُمَا كَانُواْ خَٰطِِٔينَ8
MUSA IN THE PALACE
9Pharaoh's wife said "to him', This baby is' a source of joy for me and you. Do not kill him. Perhaps he may be useful to us or we may adopt him as a son."They did not expect what was going to happen.
10And the heart of Musa's mother ached so much. She al-most gave away his identity, if We had not put her heart at ease so that she would have faith "in Allah's promise'.
11She said to his sister, "Follow him!" So she watched him from a distance, while they were unaware.
12And We had caused him to refuse all wet-nurses' at first, so his sister suggested, "Shall I direct you to a family who will raise him for you and take good care of him?"
13This is how We returned him to his mother so that her heart would be put at ease, and not be sad, and that She would know that Allah's promise Is always true. But most people do not Know.
14Later, when he became strong and mature, We gave him wisdom and knowledge. This is how We reward those doing good.
وَقَالَتِ ٱمۡرَأَتُ فِرۡعَوۡنَ قُرَّتُ عَيۡنٖ لِّي وَلَكَۖ لَا تَقۡتُلُوهُ عَسَىٰٓ أَن يَنفَعَنَآ أَوۡ نَتَّخِذَهُۥ وَلَدٗا وَهُمۡ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ9
وَأَصۡبَحَ فُؤَادُ أُمِّ مُوسَىٰ فَٰرِغًاۖ إِن كَادَتۡ لَتُبۡدِي بِهِۦ لَوۡلَآ أَن رَّبَطۡنَا عَلَىٰ قَلۡبِهَا لِتَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ10
وَقَالَتۡ لِأُخۡتِهِۦ قُصِّيهِۖ فَبَصُرَتۡ بِهِۦ عَن جُنُبٖ وَهُمۡ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ11
وَحَرَّمۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡمَرَاضِعَ مِن قَبۡلُ فَقَالَتۡ هَلۡ أَدُلُّكُمۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِ بَيۡتٖ يَكۡفُلُونَهُۥ لَكُمۡ وَهُمۡ لَهُۥ نَٰصِحُونَ12
فَرَدَدۡنَٰهُ إِلَىٰٓ أُمِّهِۦ كَيۡ تَقَرَّ عَيۡنُهَا وَلَا تَحۡزَنَ وَلِتَعۡلَمَ أَنَّ وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقّٞ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ13
وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُۥ وَٱسۡتَوَىٰٓ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ حُكۡمٗا وَعِلۡمٗاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ14
WORDS OF WISDOM
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Someone may ask, "How can a great prophet like Musa a kill an innocent man?" To answer this question, let's look at the following facts: Prophets are perfect human beings. This is why Allah chose them to represent Him and deliver His messages.
It's not possible for them to sin, but sometimes they may misjudge a situation or do things by mistake. At the end of the day, they are humans, not angels. In the case of Musa s, this incident happened before he became a prophet.
According to verse 15, he was trying to defend one of his own people from an Egyptian man, so he punched the Egyptian, killing him by accident. So it wasn't his intention to kill.
When a prophet makes a mistake, this is an opportunity for his folowers to learn what to do when they are in the same situation. For example, we do sajdah sahw (bowing down for forgetfulness) if we pray Zuhr 5 rak'ahs by mistake, following the example of the Prophet .
As for regular people like you and I, we are not perfect. We sin and make mistakes. Even scholars and professionals make mistakes. I remember the story of an Imam who was giving a speech on Friday.
When he mentioned Musa , he said, "Peace be upon him." He also said, "Peace be upon him'" by mistake when he mentioned Pharaoh. There is also a true story of a scholar who prayed Maghrib behind one of his students.
When the student made a mistake in his recitation of a long surah, the scholar told him after salāh, "How can you make such a mistake?" Then the scholar led the next prayer and made a mistake in Surah Al-Fatihah.
It took the Egyptian author Muhammad Fu'ad 'Abdul-Baqi many years to write his famous index of Quranic words. When he counted the word Allah' throughout the Quran, he forgot to list the first one (verse 1:1).
Shaykh Mustafa Isma'il was one of the most famous reciters of the Quran. One of his most beautiful recitations was recorded in the city of Tanța in 1961, where he made a mistake in verse 49:15.
MUSA KILLS A MAN BY MISTAKE
15"One day,' he entered the city with-out being noticed by its people. There he found two men fighting: one from his own people, and the other from his 'Egyptian' enemies. The man from his people begged him for help against his opponent. So Musa punched him, causing his death. Musa cried, "This must be the work of Satan. He is really a clear, misleading enemy."
16He prayed, "My Lord! I have definitely wronged my soul, so forgive me." And He forgave him; He is truly the Forgiving and Merciful.
17Musa pledged, "My Lord! To honour Your favours upon me, I will never side with the wicked."
وَدَخَلَ ٱلۡمَدِينَةَ عَلَىٰ حِينِ غَفۡلَةٖ مِّنۡ أَهۡلِهَا فَوَجَدَ فِيهَا رَجُلَيۡنِ يَقۡتَتِلَانِ هَٰذَا مِن شِيعَتِهِۦ وَهَٰذَا مِنۡ عَدُوِّهِۦۖ فَٱسۡتَغَٰثَهُ ٱلَّذِي مِن شِيعَتِهِۦ عَلَى ٱلَّذِي مِنۡ عَدُوِّهِۦ فَوَكَزَهُۥ مُوسَىٰ فَقَضَىٰ عَلَيۡهِۖ قَالَ هَٰذَا مِنۡ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِۖ إِنَّهُۥ عَدُوّٞ مُّضِلّٞ مُّبِينٞ15
قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمۡتُ نَفۡسِي فَٱغۡفِرۡ لِي فَغَفَرَ لَهُۥٓۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ16
قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَآ أَنۡعَمۡتَ عَلَيَّ فَلَنۡ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرٗا لِّلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ17
NEWS OF THE KILLING SPREADS
18And so Musa became afraid, watching out for trouble' in the city. Then suddenly the same man who begged for his help the day before cried out to him again for support. Musa said to him, "You are clearly a troublemaker:"
19But when Musa was about to lay his hands on their enemy, the Egyptian protested, "O Musa! Do you want to kill me like the man you killed yesterday? You just want to keep causing trouble, not making peace!"
فَأَصۡبَحَ فِي ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ خَآئِفٗا يَتَرَقَّبُ فَإِذَا ٱلَّذِي ٱسۡتَنصَرَهُۥ بِٱلۡأَمۡسِ يَسۡتَصۡرِخُهُۥۚ قَالَ لَهُۥ مُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّكَ لَغَوِيّٞ مُّبِينٞ18
فَلَمَّآ أَنۡ أَرَادَ أَن يَبۡطِشَ بِٱلَّذِي هُوَ عَدُوّٞ لَّهُمَا قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ أَتُرِيدُ أَن تَقۡتُلَنِي كَمَا قَتَلۡتَ نَفۡسَۢا بِٱلۡأَمۡسِۖ إِن تُرِيدُ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ جَبَّارٗا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا تُرِيدُ أَن تَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُصۡلِحِينَ19
MUSA ESCAPES TO MADIAN
20And there came a man, rushing from the far side of the city. He advised, "O Musa! The chiefs are actually planning to kill you. So you have to leave-that is my advice to you."
21So Musa left the city in a state of fear and caution, praying, "My Lord! Save me from those evil people!"
22As he made his way towards Madian, he said, "I trust my Lord will guide me to the right way."
وَجَآءَ رَجُلٞ مِّنۡ أَقۡصَا ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ يَسۡعَىٰ قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّ ٱلۡمَلَأَ يَأۡتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقۡتُلُوكَ فَٱخۡرُجۡ إِنِّي لَكَ مِنَ ٱلنَّٰصِحِينَ20
فَخَرَجَ مِنۡهَا خَآئِفٗا يَتَرَقَّبُۖ قَالَ رَبِّ نَجِّنِي مِنَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ21
وَلَمَّا تَوَجَّهَ تِلۡقَآءَ مَدۡيَنَ قَالَ عَسَىٰ رَبِّيٓ أَن يَهۡدِيَنِي سَوَآءَ ٱلسَّبِيلِ22
BACKGROUND STORY
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Musa A left Egypt with no food, money, or even shoes. Although he was completely exhausted by the time he arrived in Madian, he helped 2 women by removing a very heavy lid of a well to allow their sheep to drink.
Then he rested in the shade of a tree and prayed to Allah for support. When one of the women came to invite him to meet her dad, Musa asked if he could walk in front of her to avoid seeing the shape of her body.
When her dad offered him food, he said, "I don't take a reward for my help." He only ate when the old man told him that it was part of their culture to offer food to their guests. One of the 2 women advised her dad to hire him because of his strength and good manners.
This is when the old man offered one of his daughters to Musa in marriage. So Musa was blessed with a good wife, a job, and a place to stay on the same day. {Imam Ibn Kathir & Imam Al-Qurtubi}
MUSA HELPS TWO WOMEN
23When he arrived at the well of Madian, he found a group of people providing water "to their herds'. But he noticed two women holding back their sheep. He asked them, "What is the matter?" They replied, "We cannot get a turn to water our animals' until the other shepherds are done, and our father is a very old man."
24So he watered 'their sheep' for them, then went to the shade and prayed, "My Lord! I am desperate for any good resources You may have for me."
وَلَمَّا وَرَدَ مَآءَ مَدۡيَنَ وَجَدَ عَلَيۡهِ أُمَّةٗ مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ يَسۡقُونَ وَوَجَدَ مِن دُونِهِمُ ٱمۡرَأَتَيۡنِ تَذُودَانِۖ قَالَ مَا خَطۡبُكُمَاۖ قَالَتَا لَا نَسۡقِي حَتَّىٰ يُصۡدِرَ ٱلرِّعَآءُۖ وَأَبُونَا شَيۡخٞ كَبِيرٞ23
فَسَقَىٰ لَهُمَا ثُمَّ تَوَلَّىٰٓ إِلَى ٱلظِّلِّ فَقَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لِمَآ أَنزَلۡتَ إِلَيَّ مِنۡ خَيۡرٖ فَقِير24
MUSA GETS MARRIED
25Then one of the two women came to him, walking in a shy way. She said, "My father is inviting you to reward you for watering 'our animals' for us!" When Musa came to him and told him his whole story, the old man said, "Don't worry! You are now safe from those evil people."
26One of the two daughters suggested, "O my dear father! Hire him. A strong and reliable person is definitely the best to hire."
27The old man proposed, "I want to marry one of these two daughters of mine to you, but you have to stay in my service for eight years. If you complete ten, it will be a favour from you, but I do not wish to make it difficult for you. In-Sha-Allah, you will find me easy-going."
28Musa responded, "We both have a deal. Whatever peeriod I complete, I should not be asked for more. And Allah is a Witness to what we say.
فَجَآءَتۡهُ إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا تَمۡشِي عَلَى ٱسۡتِحۡيَآءٖ قَالَتۡ إِنَّ أَبِي يَدۡعُوكَ لِيَجۡزِيَكَ أَجۡرَ مَا سَقَيۡتَ لَنَاۚ فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُۥ وَقَصَّ عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡقَصَصَ قَالَ لَا تَخَفۡۖ نَجَوۡتَ مِنَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ25
قَالَتۡ إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا يَٰٓأَبَتِ ٱسۡتَٔۡجِرۡهُۖ إِنَّ خَيۡرَ مَنِ ٱسۡتَٔۡجَرۡتَ ٱلۡقَوِيُّ ٱلۡأَمِينُ26
قَالَ إِنِّيٓ أُرِيدُ أَنۡ أُنكِحَكَ إِحۡدَى ٱبۡنَتَيَّ هَٰتَيۡنِ عَلَىٰٓ أَن تَأۡجُرَنِي ثَمَٰنِيَ حِجَجٖۖ فَإِنۡ أَتۡمَمۡتَ عَشۡرٗا فَمِنۡ عِندِكَۖ وَمَآ أُرِيدُ أَنۡ أَشُقَّ عَلَيۡكَۚ سَتَجِدُنِيٓ إِن شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ27
قَالَ ذَٰلِكَ بَيۡنِي وَبَيۡنَكَۖ أَيَّمَا ٱلۡأَجَلَيۡنِ قَضَيۡتُ فَلَا عُدۡوَٰنَ عَلَيَّۖ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ مَا نَقُولُ وَكِيل28
MUSA CHOSEN AS A PROPHET
29When Musa had completed that pe-riod and was travelling with his family to Egypt', he spotted a fire on the side of Mount Tur. He said to his family, "Wait here; I have spotted a fire. Perhaps from there I can bring you some directions or a torch from the fire so you can warm yourselves."
30But when he came to it, he was called from the bush in the holy ground to the right side of the valley: "O Musa! I am Allah-the Lord of the universe.
31Now, throw down your staff!" But when he saw it slithering like a snake, he ran away without looking back. "Allah said, "O Musa! Come near and have no fear. You are perfectly safe. NoW put your hand through the opening of" your collar, it will come out glowing' white, not because of a disease. And cross your arms tightly to calm your fears. These are two proofs from your Lord to Pharaoh and his chiefs; they have really been out of control."
فَلَمَّا قَضَىٰ مُوسَى ٱلۡأَجَلَ وَسَارَ بِأَهۡلِهِۦٓ ءَانَسَ مِن جَانِبِ ٱلطُّورِ نَارٗاۖ قَالَ لِأَهۡلِهِ ٱمۡكُثُوٓاْ إِنِّيٓ ءَانَسۡتُ نَارٗا لَّعَلِّيٓ ءَاتِيكُم مِّنۡهَا بِخَبَرٍ أَوۡ جَذۡوَةٖ مِّنَ ٱلنَّارِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَصۡطَلُونَ29
فَلَمَّآ أَتَىٰهَا نُودِيَ مِن شَٰطِيِٕ ٱلۡوَادِ ٱلۡأَيۡمَنِ فِي ٱلۡبُقۡعَةِ ٱلۡمُبَٰرَكَةِ مِنَ ٱلشَّجَرَةِ أَن يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنِّيٓ أَنَا ٱللَّهُ رَبُّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ30
وَأَنۡ أَلۡقِ عَصَاكَۚ فَلَمَّا رَءَاهَا تَهۡتَزُّ كَأَنَّهَا جَآنّٞ وَلَّىٰ مُدۡبِرٗا وَلَمۡ يُعَقِّبۡۚ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ أَقۡبِلۡ وَلَا تَخَفۡۖ إِنَّكَ مِنَ ٱلۡأٓمِنِينَ31
MUSA ASKS FOR HELP
33Musa said, "My Lord! I have actually killed one of them, so I am afraid they will kill me."
34And my brother Harun speaks better than me, so send him along as my helper to support what I say; I truly fear they will reject me"
35Allah responded, "We will support you with your brother and give you both authority, they cannot harm you. With Our signs, you and those who follow you will definitely' win."
قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي قَتَلۡتُ مِنۡهُمۡ نَفۡسٗا فَأَخَافُ أَن يَقۡتُلُونِ33
وَأَخِي هَٰرُونُ هُوَ أَفۡصَحُ مِنِّي لِسَانٗا فَأَرۡسِلۡهُ مَعِيَ رِدۡءٗا يُصَدِّقُنِيٓۖ إِنِّيٓ أَخَافُ أَن يُكَذِّبُونِ34
قَالَ سَنَشُدُّ عَضُدَكَ بِأَخِيكَ وَنَجۡعَلُ لَكُمَا سُلۡطَٰنٗا فَلَا يَصِلُونَ إِلَيۡكُمَا بَِٔايَٰتِنَآۚ أَنتُمَا وَمَنِ ٱتَّبَعَكُمَا ٱلۡغَٰلِبُونَ35
PHARAOH'S RESPONSE
36But when Musa came to them with Our clear signs, they said "arrogantly', This is just a bunch of fake magic tricks. We have never heard of this in the his-tory of our fathers."
37Musa responded, "My Lord knows best who has come with true guidance from Him and will win in the end. Indeed, those doing wrong will never succeed"
38Pharaoh declared, "O chiefs! I don't know of any god for you except myself. So bake bricks of clay for me, O Haman, and build a high tower so I can take a look at the God of Musa, even though I am sure he is lying"
فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُم مُّوسَىٰ بَِٔايَٰتِنَا بَيِّنَٰتٖ قَالُواْ مَا هَٰذَآ إِلَّا سِحۡرٞ مُّفۡتَرٗى وَمَا سَمِعۡنَا بِهَٰذَا فِيٓ ءَابَآئِنَا ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ36
وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ رَبِّيٓ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَن جَآءَ بِٱلۡهُدَىٰ مِنۡ عِندِهِۦ وَمَن تَكُونُ لَهُۥ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلدَّارِۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُفۡلِحُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ37
وَقَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنُ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلۡمَلَأُ مَا عَلِمۡتُ لَكُم مِّنۡ إِلَٰهٍ غَيۡرِي فَأَوۡقِدۡ لِي يَٰهَٰمَٰنُ عَلَى ٱلطِّينِ فَٱجۡعَل لِّي صَرۡحٗا لَّعَلِّيٓ أَطَّلِعُ إِلَىٰٓ إِلَٰهِ مُوسَىٰ وَإِنِّي لَأَظُنُّهُۥ مِنَ ٱلۡكَٰذِبِينَ38
END OF PHARAOH
39And so he and his soldiers acted arrogantly throughout the land with no right, thinking they would never be returned to Us.
40So We took him and his soldiers, dumping them into the sea. See then what was the end of those doing wrong!
41We let them become leaders inviting 'others' to the Fire. And on Judgment Day they will not be helped.
42We caused a curse to follow them in this world. And on Judgment Day they will be among those put to shame.
وَٱسۡتَكۡبَرَ هُوَ وَجُنُودُهُۥ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بِغَيۡرِ ٱلۡحَقِّ وَظَنُّوٓاْ أَنَّهُمۡ إِلَيۡنَا لَا يُرۡجَعُونَ39
فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُ وَجُنُودَهُۥ فَنَبَذۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡيَمِّۖ فَٱنظُرۡ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ40
وَجَعَلۡنَٰهُمۡ أَئِمَّةٗ يَدۡعُونَ إِلَى ٱلنَّارِۖ وَيَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ لَا يُنصَرُونَ41
وَأَتۡبَعۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا لَعۡنَةٗۖ وَيَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ هُم مِّنَ ٱلۡمَقۡبُوحِينَ42
THE TAWRAH
43Surely, We gave Musa the Book-after destroying earlier nations-as an eye-opener for the people, a guide, and mercy so perhaps they would learn a lesson.
وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَى ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَآ أَهۡلَكۡنَا ٱلۡقُرُونَ ٱلۡأُولَىٰ بَصَآئِرَ لِلنَّاسِ وَهُدٗى وَرَحۡمَةٗ لَّعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ43
BACKGROUND STORY
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The idol-worshippers are repeatedly reminded in the Quran that the Prophet did not witness any of example, the these events that happened centuries before he was born.
For anspiracies that were made against Yusuf s (12:102), the argument about who should be the guardian of young Maryam (3:44), and the drowning of Nuh's son in the Flood (11:49). Those details were not known to the Arabs before the revelation of the Quran.
So the only logical way that the Prophet could have known about these stories is through revelations.
REVEALED STORIES
44You were not there 'O Prophet' on the western side of the mountain when We trusted Musa with the message, and you were not even present in his time.
45But We later' raised 'several' generations who lost their faith over time.' And you were not living among the people of Madian, rehearsing Our revelations with them. But it has all been sent by Us.
46And you were not at the side of Mount Tur when We called out to Musa'. But you came' as a mercy from your Lord to warn a people who had no warner before you, so perhaps they would keep things in mind.
47Also, so they would not argue, if hit by a disaster for what they did: "Our Lord! If only You had sent us a messenger, we would have followed Your revelations and become believers."
وَمَا كُنتَ بِجَانِبِ ٱلۡغَرۡبِيِّ إِذۡ قَضَيۡنَآ إِلَىٰ مُوسَى ٱلۡأَمۡرَ وَمَا كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلشَّٰهِدِينَ44
وَلَٰكِنَّآ أَنشَأۡنَا قُرُونٗا فَتَطَاوَلَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡعُمُرُۚ وَمَا كُنتَ ثَاوِيٗا فِيٓ أَهۡلِ مَدۡيَنَ تَتۡلُواْ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتِنَا وَلَٰكِنَّا كُنَّا مُرۡسِلِينَ45
وَمَا كُنتَ بِجَانِبِ ٱلطُّورِ إِذۡ نَادَيۡنَا وَلَٰكِن رَّحۡمَةٗ مِّن رَّبِّكَ لِتُنذِرَ قَوۡمٗا مَّآ أَتَىٰهُم مِّن نَّذِيرٖ مِّن قَبۡلِكَ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ46
وَلَوۡلَآ أَن تُصِيبَهُم مُّصِيبَةُۢ بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ فَيَقُولُواْ رَبَّنَا لَوۡلَآ أَرۡسَلۡتَ إِلَيۡنَا رَسُولٗا فَنَتَّبِعَ ءَايَٰتِكَ وَنَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ47
BACKGROUND STORY
- •
The idol-worshippers challenged the Prophet , "Why was this Quran not revealed all at onca like the Tawrah of Musa sa ?
And why don't you perform some of his miracles?" Later, those Idol-worshippers reached out to some trusted Jewish scholars in Madinah to ask about him .When they were told that his description is mentioned in the Tawrah, the idol-worshippers immediately rejected both the Tawrah and the Quran, saying that both books were misleading works of magic.
{Imam Al-Qurțubi}