The Spread Table
Al-Mâ'idah
المَائدہ
LEARNING POINTS
This is one of the last surahs revealed before the death of the Prophet, so all the things that are declared to be halal or haram in this surah will remain so until Judgment Day.
The surah teaches Muslims to honor their pledges with Allah and with people.
We should be grateful for Allah's favors.
The surah also provides details on what to eat, who to marry, how to make up for a broken oath, as well as hunting during Hajj, purifying oneself before salah, and making a last will before death.
Those who honor the rules set by Allah are promised a great reward and those who break those rules are warned of a horrible punishment.
Allah made pledges with the Jews and Christians, but they kept breaking those pledges.
Saving one person equals saving all of humanity and killing one person equals killing all of humanity.
There is no better judgment than the one revealed in the Quran.
Again, the hypocrites are criticized for their attitudes and practices.
'Isa (Jesus) never claimed to be God.
WORDS OF WISDOM
This surah starts off by telling the faithful to **honor their word**, including their pledge to:
Worship none but Allah.
Follow His laws.
Watch their oaths when they swear by Allah.
Honor their promises when they marry.
Deliver trusts to their owners.
WORDS OF WISDOM
Before Islam, idol-worshippers made decisions using various methods. For instance, they would throw a bird into the air: if it flew right, it was a good omen; if it went left, it was a bad sign. Another method involved seeking guidance from idols by drawing one of three straws: one indicating 'Do it,' another 'Don't do it,' and a blank one meaning 'try again.' This practice is mentioned in **verse 3**.
The Prophet always found comfort through salah (prayer) and prayed during difficult times, including before battles. He prayed for rain and when the sun was eclipsed. The Prophet also taught his companions a special prayer for making decisions, called **istikharah**, which literally means 'seeking guidance to choose what is good.' Jabir reported that the Prophet taught them to pray 2 optional rak'ahs, then recite this supplication (du'a): 'O Allah! I seek guidance through Your knowledge, strength through Your might, and I ask for Your great blessings—because You have the power and I don't, You have the knowledge and I don't, and You alone know all unknowns. O Allah! If You know that this (decision) is good for my faith, life in this world, and the Next Life, then make it possible for me. And if You know that this (decision) is bad for my faith, life in this world, and the Next Life, then keep it away from me and keep me away from it. Instead, bless me with something good, wherever it might be, and make me satisfied with it.' (Imam Al-Bukhari)
A few things to keep in mind when performing istikharah: 1. It can be performed once or several times, during the day or night. 2. This du'a can be recited in Arabic before or after salam. If you cannot say it in Arabic, you can say the translation after salam. 3. The person does not have to see a dream after performing istikharah. 4. If someone is unable to perform wudu (ablution) or pray 2 rak'ahs, they can simply recite the above du'a in Arabic or any other language.
This prayer is only for making decisions about something **halal** (permissible). For example, you can use it for starting a business, marrying someone, or choosing a certain school.
You can't perform istikharah for things you **must do** (like praying 5 times a day, going to Jumu'ah, or fasting in Ramadan).
Similarly, you cannot do it to decide on something **haram** (forbidden), such as robbing a bank or not talking to your parents.
We learn from the Prophet that it's important to do istikharah with Allah and also consult with people by asking those with knowledge and experience for their opinion or suggestions.
FORBIDDEN ITEMS
1O believers! Honour your pledges. All cattle is allowed for you, except what is announced to you below. You are not allowed to hunt while on hajj. Surely, Allah commands what He wants. 2O believers! Do not disrespect Allah's symbols 'of hajj, the holy months, the animal offerings as well as their special decorations, or people on their way to the Holy House seeking their Lord's blessings and pleasure. When hajj ends, you can hunt. Do not let your hate for the people who once prevented you from the Holy Mosque cause you to break the rules. Cooperate with each other in goodness and faithfulness, and do not cooperate in evil and troublemaking. And keep Allah in mind. Surely Allah is severe in punishment. 3You are forbidden to eat dead meat, blood, and pork; what is slaughtered in the name of anyone other than Allah; what is killed by choking, beating, falling, or by being rammed to death by another animal; what a predator has eaten from, unless you slaughter it; and what is sacrificed for idols. You are also forbidden to draw lots for decisions. This is all evil. Today the disbelievers have given up all hope of 'destroying' your faith. So do not fear them; fear Me! Today I have perfected your faith for you, completed My favour upon you, and chosen Islam as your way. But if someone is forced 'to eat any of the above by extreme hunger—not intending to sin—then surely Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَوۡفُواْ بِٱلۡعُقُودِۚ أُحِلَّتۡ لَكُم بَهِيمَةُ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ إِلَّا مَا يُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡكُمۡ غَيۡرَ مُحِلِّي ٱلصَّيۡدِ وَأَنتُمۡ حُرُمٌۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَحۡكُمُ مَا يُرِيدُ 1يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تُحِلُّواْ شَعَٰٓئِرَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا ٱلشَّهۡرَ ٱلۡحَرَامَ وَلَا ٱلۡهَدۡيَ وَلَا ٱلۡقَلَٰٓئِدَ وَلَآ ءَآمِّينَ ٱلۡبَيۡتَ ٱلۡحَرَامَ يَبۡتَغُونَ فَضۡلٗا مِّن رَّبِّهِمۡ وَرِضۡوَٰنٗاۚ وَإِذَا حَلَلۡتُمۡ فَٱصۡطَادُواْۚ وَلَا يَجۡرِمَنَّكُمۡ شَنََٔانُ قَوۡمٍ أَن صَدُّوكُمۡ عَنِ ٱلۡمَسۡجِدِ ٱلۡحَرَامِ أَن تَعۡتَدُواْۘ وَتَعَاوَنُواْ عَلَى ٱلۡبِرِّ وَٱلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ وَلَا تَعَاوَنُواْ عَلَى ٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ 2حُرِّمَتۡ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡمَيۡتَةُ وَٱلدَّمُ وَلَحۡمُ ٱلۡخِنزِيرِ وَمَآ أُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦ وَٱلۡمُنۡخَنِقَةُ وَٱلۡمَوۡقُوذَةُ وَٱلۡمُتَرَدِّيَةُ وَٱلنَّطِيحَةُ وَمَآ أَكَلَ ٱلسَّبُعُ إِلَّا مَا ذَكَّيۡتُمۡ وَمَا ذُبِحَ عَلَى ٱلنُّصُبِ وَأَن تَسۡتَقۡسِمُواْ بِٱلۡأَزۡلَٰمِۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ فِسۡقٌۗ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ يَئِسَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن دِينِكُمۡ فَلَا تَخۡشَوۡهُمۡ وَٱخۡشَوۡنِۚ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ أَكۡمَلۡتُ لَكُمۡ دِينَكُمۡ وَأَتۡمَمۡتُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ نِعۡمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ ٱلۡإِسۡلَٰمَ دِينٗاۚ فَمَنِ ٱضۡطُرَّ فِي مَخۡمَصَةٍ غَيۡرَ مُتَجَانِفٖ لِّإِثۡمٖ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ3
Verse 2: 1. People attached some decorations to camels to indicate that they were intended for sacrifice at the Ka'bah.
Verse 3: 2. The neat of animals that have died because of old age, illness, starvation, beating, etc.
WHAT TO EAT & WHO TO MARRY
4They ask you, 'O Prophet,' what is allowed for them to eat'. Say, "What is good and pure, and what is caught by your hunting animals and birds, which you have trained as instructed by Allah. So eat what they catch for you, but mention the Name of Allah when you send the hunting animal" And keep Allah in mind. Surely Allah is quick in judgment. 5Today all good and pure foods have been allowed for you. Also, the food of the People of the Book is allowed for you and your food is allowed for them. And 'you are allowed to marry' decent believing women as well as decent women of those given the Book before you, as long as you pay them their gifts in legal marriage, not in illegal or secret relationships. And whoever rejects faith, all their good deeds will be worthless, and in the Next Life they will be among the losers.
يَسَۡٔلُونَكَ مَاذَآ أُحِلَّ لَهُمۡۖ قُلۡ أُحِلَّ لَكُمُ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتُ وَمَا عَلَّمۡتُم مِّنَ ٱلۡجَوَارِحِ مُكَلِّبِينَ تُعَلِّمُونَهُنَّ مِمَّا عَلَّمَكُمُ ٱللَّهُۖ فَكُلُواْ مِمَّآ أَمۡسَكۡنَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَٱذۡكُرُواْ ٱسۡمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡهِۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَرِيعُ ٱلۡحِسَابِ 4ٱلۡيَوۡمَ أُحِلَّ لَكُمُ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتُۖ وَطَعَامُ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ حِلّٞ لَّكُمۡ وَطَعَامُكُمۡ حِلّٞ لَّهُمۡۖ وَٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِ وَٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ إِذَآ ءَاتَيۡتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ مُحۡصِنِينَ غَيۡرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَ وَلَا مُتَّخِذِيٓ أَخۡدَانٖۗ وَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بِٱلۡإِيمَٰنِ فَقَدۡ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهُۥ وَهُوَ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ مِنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ5
Verse 5: 4. The food of the People of the Book here means the meat of the animals slaughtered by the Jews and Christians.
PURIFICATION BEFORE SALAH
6O believers! When you get ready for salah, wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, wipe your heads, and wash your feet to the ankles. And if you are 'physically' impure, then take a full bath. But if you are ill, on a journey, or have used the washroom, or touched your wives and cannot find water, then purify yourselves with clean earth by wiping your faces and hands.' Allah does not want to make things difficult for you, but to purify you and complete His favour upon you, so perhaps you will be grateful.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا قُمۡتُمۡ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ فَٱغۡسِلُواْ وُجُوهَكُمۡ وَأَيۡدِيَكُمۡ إِلَى ٱلۡمَرَافِقِ وَٱمۡسَحُواْ بِرُءُوسِكُمۡ وَأَرۡجُلَكُمۡ إِلَى ٱلۡكَعۡبَيۡنِۚ وَإِن كُنتُمۡ جُنُبٗا فَٱطَّهَّرُواْۚ وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرۡضَىٰٓ أَوۡ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ أَوۡ جَآءَ أَحَدٞ مِّنكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡغَآئِطِ أَوۡ لَٰمَسۡتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَلَمۡ تَجِدُواْ مَآءٗ فَتَيَمَّمُواْ صَعِيدٗا طَيِّبٗا فَٱمۡسَحُواْ بِوُجُوهِكُمۡ وَأَيۡدِيكُم مِّنۡهُۚ مَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيَجۡعَلَ عَلَيۡكُم مِّنۡ حَرَجٖ وَلَٰكِن يُرِيدُ لِيُطَهِّرَكُمۡ وَلِيُتِمَّ نِعۡمَتَهُۥ عَلَيۡكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ6
Verse 6: 5. For example, after having a romantic relation with one's own spouse (husband/wife). 6. Meaning if you have had a romantic relation with them. 7. This ruling is called tayammum. See the Words of Wisdom for 4:43.
ALLAH'S FAVOURS UPON THE BELIEVERS
7Remember Allah's favour upon you and the pledge He made with you when you said, "We hear and obey." And keep Allah in mind. Surely Allah knows best whatever secrets are hidden' in the hearts. 8O believers! Stand up for Allah, as true witnesses for justice. Do not let the hatred of a people lead you to injustice. Be just! That is closer to faithfulness. And keep Allah in mind. Surely Allah is fully Aware of what you do. 9Allah has promised those who believe and do good that they will have forgiveness and a great reward. 10As for those who disbelieve and reject Our signs, they are the people of Hell. 11O believers! Remember Allah's favour upon you: when some people had planned to harm you, He held their hands back from you. Keep Allah in mind. And in Allah let the believers put their trust.
وَٱذۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَةَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَمِيثَٰقَهُ ٱلَّذِي وَاثَقَكُم بِهِۦٓ إِذۡ قُلۡتُمۡ سَمِعۡنَا وَأَطَعۡنَاۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ 7يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ كُونُواْ قَوَّٰمِينَ لِلَّهِ شُهَدَآءَ بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۖ وَلَا يَجۡرِمَنَّكُمۡ شَنََٔانُ قَوۡمٍ عَلَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَعۡدِلُواْۚ ٱعۡدِلُواْ هُوَ أَقۡرَبُ لِلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ 8وَعَدَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ لَهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ وَأَجۡرٌ عَظِيمٞ 9وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَكَذَّبُواْ بَِٔايَٰتِنَآ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَحِيمِ 10يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱذۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ إِذۡ هَمَّ قَوۡمٌ أَن يَبۡسُطُوٓاْ إِلَيۡكُمۡ أَيۡدِيَهُمۡ فَكَفَّ أَيۡدِيَهُمۡ عَنكُمۡۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ11
Verse 11: 8. According to Imam lbn Kathir, the enemies of Islam made several plans to kill the Prophet and his companions, but Allah caused those plans to fail.
THOSE WHO BROKE ALLAH'S PLEDGE
12Allah made a pledge with the Children of Isra'il and appointed twelve leaders from among them and then' said, "I am truly with you. If you pray salah, pay Zakah, believe in My messengers, support them, and give Allah a good loan, I will certainly forgive your sins and enter you into Gardens under which rivers flow. And whoever among you disbelieves after this has truly strayed from the Right Way. 13But for breaking their pledge, We doomed them and made their hearts hard. They twisted the words of the Book and neglected parts of what they had been commanded to follow. You 'O Prophet' will always find them to be dishonest, except for a few. But excuse them and bear with them. Indeed, Allah loves those doing good. 14We also took a pledge from those who call themselves Christians, but they neglected parts of what they had been commanded to follow. So We put hatred and enmity between them until Judgment Day. And soon Allah will make them realize what they did. 15O People of the Book! Now Our Messenger has come to you, revealing many of the things you have hidden from the Book and overlooking many other things. A 'brilliant' light has definitely come to you from Allah, along with a clear Book, 16through which Allah guides those who seek His pleasure to the ways of peace, brings them out of darkness and into light by His permission, and guides them to the Straight Path.
وَلَقَدۡ أَخَذَ ٱللَّهُ مِيثَٰقَ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ وَبَعَثۡنَا مِنۡهُمُ ٱثۡنَيۡ عَشَرَ نَقِيبٗاۖ وَقَالَ ٱللَّهُ إِنِّي مَعَكُمۡۖ لَئِنۡ أَقَمۡتُمُ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَيۡتُمُ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَءَامَنتُم بِرُسُلِي وَعَزَّرۡتُمُوهُمۡ وَأَقۡرَضۡتُمُ ٱللَّهَ قَرۡضًا حَسَنٗا لَّأُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنكُمۡ سَئَِّاتِكُمۡ وَلَأُدۡخِلَنَّكُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُۚ فَمَن كَفَرَ بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ مِنكُمۡ فَقَدۡ ضَلَّ سَوَآءَ ٱلسَّبِيلِ 12فَبِمَا نَقۡضِهِم مِّيثَٰقَهُمۡ لَعَنَّٰهُمۡ وَجَعَلۡنَا قُلُوبَهُمۡ قَٰسِيَةٗۖ يُحَرِّفُونَ ٱلۡكَلِمَ عَن مَّوَاضِعِهِۦ وَنَسُواْ حَظّٗا مِّمَّا ذُكِّرُواْ بِهِۦۚ وَلَا تَزَالُ تَطَّلِعُ عَلَىٰ خَآئِنَةٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا مِّنۡهُمۡۖ فَٱعۡفُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَٱصۡفَحۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ 13وَمِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا نَصَٰرَىٰٓ أَخَذۡنَا مِيثَٰقَهُمۡ فَنَسُواْ حَظّٗا مِّمَّا ذُكِّرُواْ بِهِۦ فَأَغۡرَيۡنَا بَيۡنَهُمُ ٱلۡعَدَاوَةَ وَٱلۡبَغۡضَآءَ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ وَسَوۡفَ يُنَبِّئُهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَصۡنَعُونَ 14يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ قَدۡ جَآءَكُمۡ رَسُولُنَا يُبَيِّنُ لَكُمۡ كَثِيرٗا مِّمَّا كُنتُمۡ تُخۡفُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ وَيَعۡفُواْ عَن كَثِيرٖۚ قَدۡ جَآءَكُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ نُورٞ وَكِتَٰبٞ مُّبِينٞ 15يَهۡدِي بِهِ ٱللَّهُ مَنِ ٱتَّبَعَ رِضۡوَٰنَهُۥ سُبُلَ ٱلسَّلَٰمِ وَيُخۡرِجُهُم مِّنَ ٱلظُّلُمَٰتِ إِلَى ٱلنُّورِ بِإِذۡنِهِۦ وَيَهۡدِيهِمۡ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيم16
Verse 15: 9. The Prophet and his message.
WAKE-UP CALL TO JEWS & CHRISTIANS
17Indeed, those who say, "Allah is the Messiah, son of Maryam," have fallen into disbelief. Say, "O Prophet, 'Who has the power to prevent Allah if He chose to destroy the Messiah, son of Maryam, his mother, and everyone on earth all together?'" The kingdom of the heavens and the earth and everything in between belongs to Allah. He creates whatever He wants. And Allah has power over all things. 18The Jews and the Christians each claim, "We are the children of Allah and His favourite!" Say, "O Prophet," "Why then does He punish you for your sins? No! You are just humans like everyone else He created. He forgives whoever He wants and punishes whoever He wants. Again, the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and everything in between belongs to Allah. And to Him is the final return." 19O People of the Book! Our Messenger has surely come, making things clear to you—after a long gap between messengers—so you do not say, "No one has come to give us good news or warnings." Now, someone has already come to give you good news and warnings. And Allah has power over all things.
لَّقَدۡ كَفَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلۡمَسِيحُ ٱبۡنُ مَرۡيَمَۚ قُلۡ فَمَن يَمۡلِكُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيًۡٔا إِنۡ أَرَادَ أَن يُهۡلِكَ ٱلۡمَسِيحَ ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ وَأُمَّهُۥ وَمَن فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗاۗ وَلِلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَاۚ يَخۡلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِير 17وَقَالَتِ ٱلۡيَهُودُ وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰ نَحۡنُ أَبۡنَٰٓؤُاْ ٱللَّهِ وَأَحِبَّٰٓؤُهُۥۚ قُلۡ فَلِمَ يُعَذِّبُكُم بِذُنُوبِكُمۖ بَلۡ أَنتُم بَشَرٞ مِّمَّنۡ خَلَقَۚ يَغۡفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُۚ وَلِلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَاۖ وَإِلَيۡهِ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ 18يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ قَدۡ جَآءَكُمۡ رَسُولُنَا يُبَيِّنُ لَكُمۡ عَلَىٰ فَتۡرَةٖ مِّنَ ٱلرُّسُلِ أَن تَقُولُواْ مَا جَآءَنَا مِنۢ بَشِيرٖ وَلَا نَذِيرٖۖ فَقَدۡ جَآءَكُم بَشِيرٞ وَنَذِيرٞۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ19
ORDER TO ENTER THE HOLY LAND
20And 'remember' when Musa said to his people, "O my people! Remember Allah's favours upon you when He raised prophets from among you, put you in charge of your own lives, and gave you what He had never given anyone in the world." 21O my people! Enter the Holy Land, which Allah has written for you 'to enter'. And do not turn back, or you will become losers. 22They argued, "O Musa! There are mighty people inside, so we will never 'be able to' enter it until they leave. If they get out, then we will go in!" 23Two God-fearing men—who had been blessed by Allah—said, "Surprise them through the gate. If you do, you will definitely win. Put your trust in Allah if you are 'truly' believers!" 24Again, they argued, "O Musa! Still we will never go in as long as those people stay there. So go—both you and your Lord—and fight; we are staying right here!" 25Musa prayed, "My Lord! I have no control over anyone except myself and my brother. So judge between us and those out of control!" 26Allah replied, "Then this land is forbidden to them for forty years, during which they will wander through the land. So do not be sad for such troublemakers."
وَإِذۡ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِۦ يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱذۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَةَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ إِذۡ جَعَلَ فِيكُمۡ أَنۢبِيَآءَ وَجَعَلَكُم مُّلُوكٗا وَءَاتَىٰكُم مَّا لَمۡ يُؤۡتِ أَحَدٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ 20يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ ٱلۡمُقَدَّسَةَ ٱلَّتِي كَتَبَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ وَلَا تَرۡتَدُّواْ عَلَىٰٓ أَدۡبَارِكُمۡ فَتَنقَلِبُواْ خَٰسِرِينَ 21قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّ فِيهَا قَوۡمٗا جَبَّارِينَ وَإِنَّا لَن نَّدۡخُلَهَا حَتَّىٰ يَخۡرُجُواْ مِنۡهَا فَإِن يَخۡرُجُواْ مِنۡهَا فَإِنَّا دَٰخِلُونَ 22٢٢ قَالَ رَجُلَانِ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ أَنۡعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمَا ٱدۡخُلُواْ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡبَابَ فَإِذَا دَخَلۡتُمُوهُ فَإِنَّكُمۡ غَٰلِبُونَۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَتَوَكَّلُوٓاْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ 23قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّا لَن نَّدۡخُلَهَآ أَبَدٗا مَّا دَامُواْ فِيهَا فَٱذۡهَبۡ أَنتَ وَرَبُّكَ فَقَٰتِلَآ إِنَّا هَٰهُنَا قَٰعِدُونَ 24قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لَآ أَمۡلِكُ إِلَّا نَفۡسِي وَأَخِيۖ فَٱفۡرُقۡ بَيۡنَنَا وَبَيۡنَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ 25قَالَ فَإِنَّهَا مُحَرَّمَةٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡۛ أَرۡبَعِينَ سَنَةٗۛ يَتِيهُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ فَلَا تَأۡسَ عَلَى ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ26
Verse 20: 10. He rescued you from Egypt, where you were treated like slaves, and gave you the freedom to manage your own lives. 11. For example, splitting the sea to save them from Pharaoh, providing manna and quails for them in the desert, causing water to gush out of a rock for them, and sending clouds to Shade them. See 2:49-60.
BACKGROUND STORY
**Adam** had several children, including **Habil** and **Qabil**. Over time, Qabil grew jealous of Habil, who was a righteous person and a devout servant of Allah. Eventually, Qabil ended up killing his own brother but didn't know what to do with the body. So, Allah sent a crow to teach him how to dig a hole and bury it. According to **verse 31**, Qabil was filled with regret.
WORDS OF WISDOM
Someone might ask, 'Why wasn't **Qabil** forgiven after he regretted what he had done?' Technically, if someone sincerely regrets doing something wrong, it's a sign that Allah may forgive them. However, Qabil's regret was not because he killed his own brother, but because he felt bad that the crow was smarter than him.
This is similar to the story of **Pharaoh** in Surah 10 (verses 90-92), when he declared that he believed in Allah while drowning. His sudden faith was not accepted, because he was just afraid of dying, not because he really had faith in Allah.
SIDE STORY
Some thieves robbed a bank and escaped with the money to a cave outside the city. In the cave, one of the thieves looked at the massive piles of cash and started to cry. Another thief asked him, 'What's wrong with you? Do you regret stealing?' He replied, 'Of course not! I'm just crying because it will take us forever to count all this money, and I can't wait to take my share.'
The other thief responded, 'You fool! We don't have to count anything. If we watch the news tonight, they will tell us exactly how much was stolen from the bank!'
QABIL KILLS HABIL
27Tell them 'O Prophet' the true story of Adam's two sons. When both made offerings, one's offering was accepted while the other's was not. So he threatened his brother, "I will kill you!" His brother replied, "Allah only accepts 'the offering' of the faithful. 28If you raise your hand to kill me, I will not raise my hand to kill you, because I fear Allah, the Lord of the universe. 29I will let you carry your sin against me along with your other sins, then you will be one of the people of the Fire. And that is the punishment of those doing wrong." 30Still the other convinced himself to kill his own brother; so he killed him, becoming a loser. 31Then Allah sent a crow digging a grave' in the ground for a dead crow, just to show him how to bury the body of his brother: He cried, "Shame on me! Have I even failed to be like this crow and bury the body of my brother?" So he felt very bad. 32Because of this 'crime', We made a law for the Children of Isra'il that whoever takes a life—unless as a punishment for murder or corruption in the land—it will be equal to killing all of humanity. And whoever saves a life, it will be equal to saving all of humanity. In fact, Our messengers came to them with clear proofs, yet many of them kept causing trouble throughout the land after that.
وَٱتۡلُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ نَبَأَ ٱبۡنَيۡ ءَادَمَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ إِذۡ قَرَّبَا قُرۡبَانٗا فَتُقُبِّلَ مِنۡ أَحَدِهِمَا وَلَمۡ يُتَقَبَّلۡ مِنَ ٱلۡأٓخَرِ قَالَ لَأَقۡتُلَنَّكَۖ قَالَ إِنَّمَا يَتَقَبَّلُ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ 27لَئِنۢ بَسَطتَ إِلَيَّ يَدَكَ لِتَقۡتُلَنِي مَآ أَنَا۠ بِبَاسِطٖ يَدِيَ إِلَيۡكَ لِأَقۡتُلَكَۖ إِنِّيٓ أَخَافُ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ 28إِنِّيٓ أُرِيدُ أَن تَبُوٓأَ بِإِثۡمِي وَإِثۡمِكَ فَتَكُونَ مِنۡ أَصۡحَٰبِ ٱلنَّارِۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَٰٓؤُاْ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ 29فَطَوَّعَتۡ لَهُۥ نَفۡسُهُۥ قَتۡلَ أَخِيهِ فَقَتَلَهُۥ فَأَصۡبَحَ مِنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ 30فَبَعَثَ ٱللَّهُ غُرَابٗا يَبۡحَثُ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ لِيُرِيَهُۥ كَيۡفَ يُوَٰرِي سَوۡءَةَ أَخِيهِۚ قَالَ يَٰوَيۡلَتَىٰٓ أَعَجَزۡتُ أَنۡ أَكُونَ مِثۡلَ هَٰذَا ٱلۡغُرَابِ فَأُوَٰرِيَ سَوۡءَةَ أَخِيۖ فَأَصۡبَحَ مِنَ ٱلنَّٰدِمِينَ 31مِنۡ أَجۡلِ ذَٰلِكَ كَتَبۡنَا عَلَىٰ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ أَنَّهُۥ مَن قَتَلَ نَفۡسَۢا بِغَيۡرِ نَفۡسٍ أَوۡ فَسَادٖ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعٗا وَمَنۡ أَحۡيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَآ أَحۡيَا ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعٗاۚ وَلَقَدۡ جَآءَتۡهُمۡ رُسُلُنَا بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُم بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ لَمُسۡرِفُونَ32
WORDS OF WISDOM
Islamic law, known as **Shariah**, primarily aims to support and protect life, faith, mind, dignity, and wealth. These are called **Shariah's 5 goals (مقاصد الشريعة)**, all of which are mentioned in this surah (including verses 5, 32-33, 38, 54, and 90).
For example, Islam protects: 1. **Human life**, by encouraging people to take care of themselves and by punishing those who injure or kill others. 2. **Faith**, by teaching people to believe in the One True God and by fighting those who force Muslims to leave Islam. 3. **Ability to think**, by asking people to stay focused and think deeply, and by punishing those who drink alcohol. 4. **Dignity and honor**, by encouraging people to be modest and by punishing those involved in illegal romantic relations and those who falsely accuse others of this sin. 5. **Wealth**, by encouraging people to make money legally and punishing those who steal.
WORDS OF WISDOM
The Islamic legal ruling known as **Hirabah** applies to armed criminals who attack innocent civilians, whether Muslim or non-Muslim. Different punishments are prescribed depending on the nature of the crime:
* In the case of murder or rape, offenders are to be executed. * In the case of armed robbery, offenders' right hands and left feet are to be cut off. * In the case of threatening the safety of innocent people, offenders are to be jailed in a different region. * Punishment for smaller offenses is left for the judge to decide.
It's worth noting that the **death penalty** is applied in the case of serious crimes in over 50 countries worldwide, including the U.S., Japan, Singapore, India, China, Thailand, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt. While some people may consider the death penalty brutal and merciless, others see it as a fair punishment for horrific offenses like murder, rape, and high treason.
PUNISHMENT OF THE CORRUPTORS
33Now, those who fight against Allah and His Messenger and spread corruption throughout the land should be punished by killing, or hanging on a cross, or cutting off their hands and feet on opposite sides, or being expelled from the land. This 'punishment' is a disgrace for them in this world, and they will suffer a horrible punishment in the Next Life. 34As for those who repent before you arrest them, then know that Allah is Forgiving and Merciful. 35O believers! Keep Allah in mind and seek what brings you closer to Him and make sacrifices in His Way, so you may be successful.
إِنَّمَا جَزَٰٓؤُاْ ٱلَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَيَسۡعَوۡنَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَسَادًا أَن يُقَتَّلُوٓاْ أَوۡ يُصَلَّبُوٓاْ أَوۡ تُقَطَّعَ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَأَرۡجُلُهُم مِّنۡ خِلَٰفٍ أَوۡ يُنفَوۡاْ مِنَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ ذَٰلِكَ لَهُمۡ خِزۡيٞ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَاۖ وَلَهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ 33إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ تَابُواْ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن تَقۡدِرُواْ عَلَيۡهِمۡۖ فَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ 34يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَٱبۡتَغُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِ ٱلۡوَسِيلَةَ وَجَٰهِدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ35
PUNISHMENT OF THE UNFAITHFUL
36As for the disbelievers, even if they had everything in the world twice over and offered it all' to save themselves from the punishment of Judgment Day, it would never be accepted from them. And they will suffer a painful punishment. 37They will be desperate to get out of the Fire, but they will never be able to. And they will suffer a never-ending punishment.
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوۡ أَنَّ لَهُم مَّا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗا وَمِثۡلَهُۥ مَعَهُۥ لِيَفۡتَدُواْ بِهِۦ مِنۡ عَذَابِ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ مَا تُقُبِّلَ مِنۡهُمۡۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ 36يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَخۡرُجُواْ مِنَ ٱلنَّارِ وَمَا هُم بِخَٰرِجِينَ مِنۡهَاۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ مُّقِيمٞ37
WORDS OF WISDOM
In Islam, **strict conditions apply for punishments**, which are intended solely for criminals who pose a threat to society. The wisdom behind these punishments is to make individuals think twice before committing a crime. For someone to be punished for theft, the following conditions must be met:
1. The thief must be a **sane adult**. 2. The crime must be proven either by **confession** or by **two reliable eyewitnesses**. 3. The stolen item must be **of value** and taken **secretly from a safe place**. 4. The owner **must claim it**.
Islamic punishments do not apply in non-Muslim countries or in Muslim lands where Shariah is not the law. Furthermore, punishment is only applied in a society where the **needs of the poor are taken care of** (through zakah, sadaqah, or welfare). If the theft is committed out of **necessity** (not mere desire), the punishment is waived. This includes cases where a starving person steals bread or fruit simply to survive. It's worth noting that **'Omar ibn Al-Khattab** suspended this punishment for one year due to widespread starvation during his rule.
PUNISHMENT OF THIEVES
38As for male and female thieves, cut off their hands for what they have done—a warning punishment from Allah. And Allah is Almighty and Wise. 39But those who repent after doing wrong and change their ways, Allah will surely turn to them in forgiveness. Surely, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful. 40Don't you know that the kingdom of the heavens and the earth belongs to Allah? He punishes whoever He wants and forgives whoever He wants. And Allah has power over all things.
وَٱلسَّارِقُ وَٱلسَّارِقَةُ فَٱقۡطَعُوٓاْ أَيۡدِيَهُمَا جَزَآءَۢ بِمَا كَسَبَا نَكَٰلٗا مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيم 38فَمَن تَابَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ظُلۡمِهِۦ وَأَصۡلَحَ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَتُوبُ عَلَيۡهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٌ 39أَلَمۡ تَعۡلَمۡ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَهُۥ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ يُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَغۡفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ40
WARNING AGAINST THE UNFAITHFUL
41O Messenger! Do not be sad for those 'hypocrites' who race to disbelieve—those who say, "We believe" with their tongues, but their hearts have no faith. Similarly, for those among the Jews who keep listening to lies, paying attention to those who are too arrogant to come to you. They play with the meaning of their Book, then warn 'each other', "If this is the ruling you get 'from Muhammad', accept it. If not, be careful!" Whoever Allah allows to stray, you cannot help them against Allah in any way. Allah does not want to purify the hearts of such people. For them, there is disgrace in this world, and they will suffer a horrible punishment in the Next Life. 42They keep listening to falsehood and taking forbidden gain. So if they come to you 'O Prophet,' either judge between them or turn away from them. If you turn away from them, they cannot harm you in any way. But if you judge between them, then judge with justice. Surely Allah loves those who are just. 43But how come they want you to be their judge when they already have the Tawrah containing Allah's judgment, then they turn away after all? They are not 'true' believers.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلرَّسُولُ لَا يَحۡزُنكَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِي ٱلۡكُفۡرِ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِأَفۡوَٰهِهِمۡ وَلَمۡ تُؤۡمِن قُلُوبُهُمۡۛ وَمِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْۛ سَمَّٰعُونَ لِلۡكَذِبِ سَمَّٰعُونَ لِقَوۡمٍ ءَاخَرِينَ لَمۡ يَأۡتُوكَۖ يُحَرِّفُونَ ٱلۡكَلِمَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَوَاضِعِهِۦۖ يَقُولُونَ إِنۡ أُوتِيتُمۡ هَٰذَا فَخُذُوهُ وَإِن لَّمۡ تُؤۡتَوۡهُ فَٱحۡذَرُواْۚ وَمَن يُرِدِ ٱللَّهُ فِتۡنَتَهُۥ فَلَن تَمۡلِكَ لَهُۥ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيًۡٔاۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يُرِدِ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُطَهِّرَ قُلُوبَهُمۡۚ لَهُمۡ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا خِزۡيٞۖ وَلَهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ 41سَمَّٰعُونَ لِلۡكَذِبِ أَكَّٰلُونَ لِلسُّحۡتِۚ فَإِن جَآءُوكَ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَهُمۡ أَوۡ أَعۡرِضۡ عَنۡهُمۡۖ وَإِن تُعۡرِضۡ عَنۡهُمۡ فَلَن يَضُرُّوكَ شَيۡٔٗاۖ وَإِنۡ حَكَمۡتَ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَهُم بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُقۡسِطِينَ 42وَكَيۡفَ يُحَكِّمُونَكَ وَعِندَهُمُ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةُ فِيهَا حُكۡمُ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّوۡنَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَۚ وَمَآ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ بِٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ43
Verse 42: 13. Such as bribes and interest-money.
WORDS OF WISDOM
Like Surah 9, this surah mentions some non-Muslim religious titles. Let's define those titles so you become familiar with them:
1. **Jewish faith leaders** 2. **Rabbis**: Jewish scholars 3. **Priests**: Christian scholars 4. **Monks**: Christian people of God, fully dedicated to worship
JUDGING BY THE TAWRAH
44Indeed, We revealed the Tawrah, containing guidance and light, by which the prophets—who submitted to Allah—made judgments for the Jews. So too did the faith leaders and scholars who judged according to Allah's Book, with which they were trusted as its keepers. So do not fear the people; fear Me! And do not trade My revelations for a little gain. Those who do not judge by what Allah has revealed are 'truly' the Ones with no faith. 45We wrote for them in the Tawrah, "A life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and a similar injury for an injury." But whoever waives it as an act of charity, it will make up for their sins. Those who do not judge by what Allah has revealed are 'truly' the ones doing wrong.
إِنَّآ أَنزَلۡنَا ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةَ فِيهَا هُدٗى وَنُورٞۚ يَحۡكُمُ بِهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّونَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَسۡلَمُواْ لِلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ وَٱلرَّبَّٰنِيُّونَ وَٱلۡأَحۡبَارُ بِمَا ٱسۡتُحۡفِظُواْ مِن كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَانُواْ عَلَيۡهِ شُهَدَآءَۚ فَلَا تَخۡشَوُاْ ٱلنَّاسَ وَٱخۡشَوۡنِ وَلَا تَشۡتَرُواْ بَِٔايَٰتِي ثَمَنٗا قَلِيلٗاۚ وَمَن لَّمۡ يَحۡكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ 44وَكَتَبۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ فِيهَآ أَنَّ ٱلنَّفۡسَ بِٱلنَّفۡسِ وَٱلۡعَيۡنَ بِٱلۡعَيۡنِ وَٱلۡأَنفَ بِٱلۡأَنفِ وَٱلۡأُذُنَ بِٱلۡأُذُنِ وَٱلسِّنَّ بِٱلسِّنِّ وَٱلۡجُرُوحَ قِصَاصٞۚ فَمَن تَصَدَّقَ بِهِۦ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٞ لَّهُۥۚ وَمَن لَّمۡ يَحۡكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ45
JUDGING BY THE INJIL
46Then in the footsteps of the prophets, We sent 'Isa, son of Maryam, confirming the Tawrah revealed before him. And We gave him the Injil, containing guidance and light and confirming what was revealed in the Tawrah—a guide and a lesson to those who keep Allah in mind. 47So let the people of the Injil judge by what Allah has revealed in it. Those who do not judge by what Allah has revealed are 'truly' the ones out of control.
وَقَفَّيۡنَا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَٰرِهِم بِعِيسَى ٱبۡنِ مَرۡيَمَ مُصَدِّقٗا لِّمَا بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ مِنَ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةِۖ وَءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ ٱلۡإِنجِيلَ فِيهِ هُدٗى وَنُورٞ وَمُصَدِّقٗا لِّمَا بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ مِنَ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةِ وَهُدٗى وَمَوۡعِظَةٗ لِّلۡمُتَّقِينَ 46وَلۡيَحۡكُمۡ أَهۡلُ ٱلۡإِنجِيلِ بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فِيهِۚ وَمَن لَّمۡ يَحۡكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ47
JUDGING BY THE QURAN
48We have revealed to you O Prophet' this Book with the truth, confirming earlier Books and as a supreme authority on them. So judge between them by what Allah has revealed, and do not follow their desires over the truth that has come to you. To each of you We have assigned a specific law and a way of life. If Allah had wanted, He could have made you one faith-community, but His plan is to test you with what He has given 'each of you. So, compete with each other in doing good. To Him you will all return, then He will make you realize the truth about' your differences. 49And judge between them 'O Prophet' by what Allah has revealed, and do not follow their desires. And be careful so they do not distract you from some of what Allah has revealed to you. If they turn away 'from Allah's judgment, then know that Allah wants to pay them back for some of their sins. In fact, many people are truly troublemakers. 50Do they 'just' desire the judgment of 'the time of pre-Islamic' ignorance? Who could be a better judge than Allah for people of sure faith?
وَأَنزَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡكَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ مُصَدِّقٗا لِّمَا بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ مِنَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ وَمُهَيۡمِنًا عَلَيۡهِۖ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَهُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ أَهۡوَآءَهُمۡ عَمَّا جَآءَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡحَقِّۚ لِكُلّٖ جَعَلۡنَا مِنكُمۡ شِرۡعَةٗ وَمِنۡهَاجٗاۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمۡ أُمَّةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ وَلَٰكِن لِّيَبۡلُوَكُمۡ فِي مَآ ءَاتَىٰكُمۡۖ فَٱسۡتَبِقُواْ ٱلۡخَيۡرَٰتِۚ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ مَرۡجِعُكُمۡ جَمِيعٗا فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ فِيهِ تَخۡتَلِفُونَ 48وَأَنِ ٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَهُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ أَهۡوَآءَهُمۡ وَٱحۡذَرۡهُمۡ أَن يَفۡتِنُوكَ عَنۢ بَعۡضِ مَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَيۡكَۖ فَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَٱعۡلَمۡ أَنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُصِيبَهُم بِبَعۡضِ ذُنُوبِهِمۡۗ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَفَٰسِقُونَ 49أَفَحُكۡمَ ٱلۡجَٰهِلِيَّةِ يَبۡغُونَۚ وَمَنۡ أَحۡسَنُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ حُكۡمٗا لِّقَوۡمٖ يُوقِنُونَ50
WORDS OF WISDOM
Verse 51 refers to certain Jews and Christians who sided with the idol-worshippers against the Muslim community. According to verses 57-58, they also mocked Islam and made fun of Muslims when they prayed. However, as for non-Muslims who are not at war with Muslims, **verse 60:8** states that they should be treated with kindness and fairness.
HYPOCRITES' GUARDIANS
51O believers! Do not take the Jews or Christians as protectors—they are protectors of each other. Whoever does this will be counted as one of them. Surely Allah does not guide those doing wrong. 52You see those 'hypocrites' with sickness in their hearts rushing to them for protection, arguing, "We are afraid that the tide will turn in their favour." But perhaps Allah will bring about 'your Victory or another favour from Him, and then such people will regret what they have hidden in their hearts. 53Then the believers will ask 'each other', "Are these the same ones who swore by Allah their strongest oaths that they were on your side?" Their deeds went to waste, so they became losers. 54O believers! Whoever among you abandons their faith, Allah will replace them with others who love Him and are loved by Him. They will be humble with the believers and tough with the disbelievers, making sacrifices in the Way of Allah, and not caring about blame from anyone. This is the favour of Allah. He gives it to whoever He wants. And Allah is full of blessings and knowledge. 55Your only 'true' protector is Allah, along with His Messenger and fellow believers, who pray salah and pay zakah with humility. 56Whoever takes Allah, His Messenger, and fellow believers as protectors, then those on Allah's side will certainly succeed. 57O believers! Do not seek the protection of those given the Book before you and the disbelievers who mock your faith and take it lightly. And keep Allah in mind if you are 'true' believers. 58When you call to salah, they mock it for fun. This is because they are a people with no sense.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ ٱلۡيَهُودَ وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰٓ أَوۡلِيَآءَۘ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٖۚ وَمَن يَتَوَلَّهُم مِّنكُمۡ فَإِنَّهُۥ مِنۡهُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ 51فَتَرَى ٱلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٞ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِيهِمۡ يَقُولُونَ نَخۡشَىٰٓ أَن تُصِيبَنَا دَآئِرَةٞۚ فَعَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَأۡتِيَ بِٱلۡفَتۡحِ أَوۡ أَمۡرٖ مِّنۡ عِندِهِۦ فَيُصۡبِحُواْ عَلَىٰ مَآ أَسَرُّواْ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ نَٰدِمِينَ 52وَيَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَهَٰٓؤُلَآءِ ٱلَّذِينَ أَقۡسَمُواْ بِٱللَّهِ جَهۡدَ أَيۡمَٰنِهِمۡ إِنَّهُمۡ لَمَعَكُمۡۚ حَبِطَتۡ أَعۡمَٰلُهُمۡ فَأَصۡبَحُواْ خَٰسِرِينَ 53يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَن يَرۡتَدَّ مِنكُمۡ عَن دِينِهِۦ فَسَوۡفَ يَأۡتِي ٱللَّهُ بِقَوۡمٖ يُحِبُّهُمۡ وَيُحِبُّونَهُۥٓ أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ يُجَٰهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا يَخَافُونَ لَوۡمَةَ لَآئِمٖۚ ذَٰلِكَ فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ يُؤۡتِيهِ مَن يَشَآءُۚ وَٱللَّهُ وَٰسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ 54إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُۥ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَيُؤۡتُونَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَهُمۡ رَٰكِعُونَ 55وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فَإِنَّ حِزۡبَ ٱللَّهِ هُمُ ٱلۡغَٰلِبُونَ 56يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُواْ دِينَكُمۡ هُزُوٗا وَلَعِبٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ وَٱلۡكُفَّارَ أَوۡلِيَآءَۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ 57وَإِذَا نَادَيۡتُمۡ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ ٱتَّخَذُوهَا هُزُوٗا وَلَعِبٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَوۡمٞ لَّا يَعۡقِلُونَ58
HYPOCRITES AMONG THE JEWS
59Say, "O Prophet, 'O People of the Book! Do you have issues with us only because we believe in Allah and what has been revealed to us and what was revealed before and the fact that most of you are troublemakers?'" 60Say, 'O Prophet, "Shall I tell you about those who deserve a worse punishment from Allah 'than the troublemakers'? Those who have ended up with Allah's doom and anger—some being reduced to apes, pigs, and worshippers of false gods. Such people are far worse and have strayed far from the Right Way." 61When they come to you 'believers' they say, "We too believe." But they enter without faith and leave without faith. Allah knows what they hide. 62You see many of them rushing towards sin, troublemaking, and taking forbidden gain. Evil indeed is what they did! 63Why don't their faith leaders and scholars prohibit them from saying what is sinful and taking what is forbidden? Evil indeed is how they behaved! 64'Some among' the Jews said, "Allah's Hand is tight." May their hands be tied and they be doomed for what they said. In fact, His Hands are open, giving freely as He wants. Your Lord's revelations to you 'O Prophet' will only cause many of them to increase in wickedness and disbelief. We have put hatred and enmity between them until Judgment Day. Every time they start the fire of war, Allah puts it out. They work hard to spread corruption throughout the land. And Allah does not like corruptors. 65If the People of the Book only had faith and kept Allah in mind, We would have certainly cleared them of their sins and entered them into the Gardens of Enjoyment. 66And if they followed the Tawrah, the Injil, and what has been revealed to them from their Lord, they would have been showered with resources from all directions. Some among them are upright, but many do nothing but evil.
قُلۡ يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ هَلۡ تَنقِمُونَ مِنَّآ إِلَّآ أَنۡ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡنَا وَمَآ أُنزِلَ مِن قَبۡلُ وَأَنَّ أَكۡثَرَكُمۡ فَٰسِقُونَ 59قُلۡ هَلۡ أُنَبِّئُكُم بِشَرّٖ مِّن ذَٰلِكَ مَثُوبَةً عِندَ ٱللَّهِۚ مَن لَّعَنَهُ ٱللَّهُ وَغَضِبَ عَلَيۡهِ وَجَعَلَ مِنۡهُمُ ٱلۡقِرَدَةَ وَٱلۡخَنَازِيرَ وَعَبَدَ ٱلطَّٰغُوتَۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ شَرّٞ مَّكَانٗا وَأَضَلُّ عَن سَوَآءِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ 60وَإِذَا جَآءُوكُمۡ قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَقَد دَّخَلُواْ بِٱلۡكُفۡرِ وَهُمۡ قَدۡ خَرَجُواْ بِهِۦۚ وَٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡتُمُونَ 61وَتَرَىٰ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِي ٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَأَكۡلِهِمُ ٱلسُّحۡتَۚ لَبِئۡسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ 62لَوۡلَا يَنۡهَىٰهُمُ ٱلرَّبَّٰنِيُّونَ وَٱلۡأَحۡبَارُ عَن قَوۡلِهِمُ ٱلۡإِثۡمَ وَأَكۡلِهِمُ ٱلسُّحۡتَۚ لَبِئۡسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَصۡنَعُونَ 63وَقَالَتِ ٱلۡيَهُودُ يَدُ ٱللَّهِ مَغۡلُولَةٌۚ غُلَّتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَلُعِنُواْ بِمَا قَالُواْۘ بَلۡ يَدَاهُ مَبۡسُوطَتَانِ يُنفِقُ كَيۡفَ يَشَآءُۚ وَلَيَزِيدَنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُم مَّآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ طُغۡيَٰنٗا وَكُفۡرٗاۚ وَأَلۡقَيۡنَا بَيۡنَهُمُ ٱلۡعَدَٰوَةَ وَٱلۡبَغۡضَآءَ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ كُلَّمَآ أَوۡقَدُواْ نَارٗا لِّلۡحَرۡبِ أَطۡفَأَهَا ٱللَّهُۚ وَيَسۡعَوۡنَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَسَادٗاۚ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ 64وَلَوۡ أَنَّ أَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱتَّقَوۡاْ لَكَفَّرۡنَا عَنۡهُمۡ سَئَِّاتِهِمۡ وَلَأَدۡخَلۡنَٰهُمۡ جَنَّٰتِ ٱلنَّعِيمِ 65وَلَوۡ أَنَّهُمۡ أَقَامُواْ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةَ وَٱلۡإِنجِيلَ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡهِم مِّن رَّبِّهِمۡ لَأَكَلُواْ مِن فَوۡقِهِمۡ وَمِن تَحۡتِ أَرۡجُلِهِمۚ مِّنۡهُمۡ أُمَّةٞ مُّقۡتَصِدَةٞۖ وَكَثِيرٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ سَآءَ مَا يَعۡمَلُونَ66
Verse 60: 14. وہ یا تو واقعی بندر اور خنزیر بن گئے یا ان جیسا رویہ اختیار کرنے لگے۔ مزید کے لیے 2:65 کا حاشیہ دیکھیں۔
Verse 64: 15. انہوں نے دعویٰ کیا کہ اللہ ان کے ساتھ سخی نہیں ہے۔
SIDE STORY
The Prophet had many enemies both within and outside Madinah, including hypocrites, idol-worshippers, and other disbelievers. In **verse 67**, Allah instructs him to deliver everything revealed to him without fearing his enemies, assuring him that Allah Himself will provide protection.
One day, as the Prophet was returning to Madinah with his companions after a battle, he decided to stop for rest. While he slept under a tree, an idol-worshipper stealthily approached and took the Prophet's sword. The Prophet awoke to find the man pointing the sword at him. The man asked, 'Who can protect you from me?' He replied confidently, '**Allah!**' Suddenly, the idol-worshipper's hand began to shake, and the sword fell. The Prophet picked up the sword, pointed it at the man, and asked, 'Who can protect you from me?' The man pleaded, 'Please, be better than me!' The Prophet then asked if he wished to accept Islam, to which the man replied, 'No, but I promise that I'll never fight against you or join others who do.' The Prophet then let him go. (Imam Ahmad)
ADVICE TO THE PROPHET
67O Messenger! Deliver everything revealed to you from your Lord. If you do not, then you have not delivered His message. Allah will certainly' protect you from the people. Indeed, Allah does not guide those who disbelieve. 68Say, 'O Prophet,' "O People of the Book! Your beliefs are based on nothing unless you follow the Tawrah, the Injil, and what has been revealed to you from your Lord." Your Lord's revelations to you "O Prophet' will only cause many of them to increase in wickedness and disbelief. So do not be sad for the people who disbelieve. 69Indeed, the believers, Jews, star-worshippers and Christians—whoever truly believes in Allah and the Last Day and does good, there will be no fear for them, and they will never be sad.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلرَّسُولُ بَلِّغۡ مَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَۖ وَإِن لَّمۡ تَفۡعَلۡ فَمَا بَلَّغۡتَ رِسَالَتَهُۥۚ وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡصِمُكَ مِنَ ٱلنَّاسِۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ 67قُلۡ يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَسۡتُمۡ عَلَىٰ شَيۡءٍ حَتَّىٰ تُقِيمُواْ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةَ وَٱلۡإِنجِيلَ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكُم مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡۗ وَلَيَزِيدَنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُم مَّآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ طُغۡيَٰنٗا وَكُفۡرٗاۖ فَلَا تَأۡسَ عَلَى ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ 68إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ وَٱلصَّٰبُِٔونَ وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰ مَنۡ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ69
Verse 69: 16. According to 3:19 and 3:85, regardless of whatever faith people claim to follow, only those who truly believe in Allah and follow the message of islam (which was delivered by all prophets from Adam to Muhammad ) will be success- ful on Judgment Day. This is the proper understanding of this verse.
WARNING TO UNFAITHFUL JEWS & CHRISTIANS
70Indeed, We took a pledge from the Children of Isra'il and sent them messengers. Whenever a messenger came to them with something they did not like, they rejected some and killed others. 71They did not expect any consequences, so they turned a blind eye and a deaf ear. Yet Allah turned to them in forgiveness 'after their repentance', but again many became blind and deaf. And Allah Sees what they do. 72Indeed, those who say, "Allah is the Messiah, son of Maryam," have fallen into disbelief. The Messiah himself said, "O Children of Isra'il! Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord." Whoever makes others equal to Allah will definitely be banned from Jannah by Allah. Their home will be the Fire. And those doing wrong will have no helpers. 73Indeed, those who say, "Allah is one of three gods," have fallen into disbelief. There is only One God. If they do not stop saying this, those who disbelieve among them will be hit with a painful punishment. 74Will they not repent to Allah and beg for His forgiveness? Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
لَقَدۡ أَخَذۡنَا مِيثَٰقَ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ وَأَرۡسَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡهِمۡ رُسُلٗاۖ كُلَّمَا جَآءَهُمۡ رَسُولُۢ بِمَا لَا تَهۡوَىٰٓ أَنفُسُهُمۡ فَرِيقٗا كَذَّبُواْ وَفَرِيقٗا يَقۡتُلُونَ 70وَحَسِبُوٓاْ أَلَّا تَكُونَ فِتۡنَةٞ فَعَمُواْ وَصَمُّواْ ثُمَّ تَابَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ثُمَّ عَمُواْ وَصَمُّواْ كَثِيرٞ مِّنۡهُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ بَصِيرُۢ بِمَا يَعۡمَلُونَ 71لَقَدۡ كَفَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلۡمَسِيحُ ٱبۡنُ مَرۡيَمَۖ وَقَالَ ٱلۡمَسِيحُ يَٰبَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ رَبِّي وَرَبَّكُمۡۖ إِنَّهُۥ مَن يُشۡرِكۡ بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ وَمَأۡوَىٰهُ ٱلنَّارُۖ وَمَا لِلظَّٰلِمِينَ مِنۡ أَنصَارٖ 72لَّقَدۡ كَفَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ ثَالِثُ ثَلَٰثَةٖۘ وَمَا مِنۡ إِلَٰهٍ إِلَّآ إِلَٰهٞ وَٰحِدٞۚ وَإِن لَّمۡ يَنتَهُواْ عَمَّا يَقُولُونَ لَيَمَسَّنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ 73أَفَلَا يَتُوبُونَ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَيَسۡتَغۡفِرُونَهُۥۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ74
Verse 73: 17. Many Christians believe that God is made up of 3 gods: the father (God), the son (Jesus), and the holy spirit. Verse 5:116 mentions those who believe that Jesus and his mother are gods.
MORE WARNINGS TO JEWS & CHRISTIANS
75The Messiah, son of Maryam, was no more than a messenger. Many' messengers had'come and' gone before him. His mother was a woman of truth. They both ate food. See how We make the signs clear to them, yet see how they are deceived 'from the truth'! 76Say, O Prophet, "How can you worship—besides Allah—others who cannot harm or benefit you? Allah 'alone' hears and knows 'everything'." 77Say, "O People of the Book! Do not go to extremes in your faith at the expense of the truth or follow the desires of those who lost their way in the past. They misled many and strayed from the Right Way." 78The disbelievers among the Children of Isra'il were doomed in the revelations of Dawood and 'Isa, son of Maryam, for disobeying and breaking the rules. 79They did not forbid each other from doing evil. Horrible indeed is what they did! 80You see many of them taking the unfaithful 'idol-worshippers' as trusted partners. Horrible indeed is what they got themselves into, causing Allah to be angry with them. And they will be 'stuck' in endless punishment. 81If they had believed in Allah, the Prophet, and what has been revealed to him, they would have never taken those 'idol-worshippers' as trusted partners. But most of them are troublemakers.
مَّا ٱلۡمَسِيحُ ٱبۡنُ مَرۡيَمَ إِلَّا رَسُولٞ قَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِن قَبۡلِهِ ٱلرُّسُلُ وَأُمُّهُۥ صِدِّيقَةٞۖ كَانَا يَأۡكُلَانِ ٱلطَّعَامَۗ ٱنظُرۡ كَيۡفَ نُبَيِّنُ لَهُمُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ ثُمَّ ٱنظُرۡ أَنَّىٰ يُؤۡفَكُونَ 75قُلۡ أَتَعۡبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مَا لَا يَمۡلِكُ لَكُمۡ ضَرّٗا وَلَا نَفۡعٗاۚ وَٱللَّهُ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ 76قُلۡ يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَا تَغۡلُواْ فِي دِينِكُمۡ غَيۡرَ ٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوٓاْ أَهۡوَآءَ قَوۡمٖ قَدۡ ضَلُّواْ مِن قَبۡلُ وَأَضَلُّواْ كَثِيرٗا وَضَلُّواْ عَن سَوَآءِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ 77لُعِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۢ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ عَلَىٰ لِسَانِ دَاوُۥدَ وَعِيسَى ٱبۡنِ مَرۡيَمَۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا عَصَواْ وَّكَانُواْ يَعۡتَدُونَ 78كَانُواْ لَا يَتَنَاهَوۡنَ عَن مُّنكَرٖ فَعَلُوهُۚ لَبِئۡسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَفۡعَلُونَ 79تَرَىٰ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ يَتَوَلَّوۡنَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْۚ لَبِئۡسَ مَا قَدَّمَتۡ لَهُمۡ أَنفُسُهُمۡ أَن سَخِطَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَفِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ هُمۡ خَٰلِدُونَ 80وَلَوۡ كَانُواْ يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلنَّبِيِّ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡهِ مَا ٱتَّخَذُوهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءَ وَلَٰكِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ فَٰسِقُونَ81
Verse 75: 18. if they needed food, they also needed to use the washroom. So how could they be gods?
Verse 77: 19. For example, most Christians claim that Jesus is God, while the Jews deny that Jesus is a prophet.
THE FAITHFUL AMONG CHRISTIANS
82You will certainly find the most hostile towards the believers to be the Jews and idol-worshippers. And you will find the most friendly to the believers to be those who call themselves Christian. That is because there are 'faithful' priests and monks among them, and because they are not arrogant. 83When they listen to what has been revealed to the Messenger, you see their eyes flowing with tears for recognizing the truth. They say, "Our Lord! We believe, so count us among the Witnesses. 84Why would we not believe in Allah and the truth that has come to us? And we hope that our Lord will include us in the company of the faithful." 85So Allah will reward them for what they said with Gardens under which rivers flow, to stay there forever. That is the reward of those doing good. 86As for those who disbelieve and reject Our signs, they will be the people of Hell.
لَتَجِدَنَّ أَشَدَّ ٱلنَّاسِ عَدَٰوَةٗ لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱلۡيَهُودَ وَٱلَّذِينَ أَشۡرَكُواْۖ وَلَتَجِدَنَّ أَقۡرَبَهُم مَّوَدَّةٗ لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا نَصَٰرَىٰۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ مِنۡهُمۡ قِسِّيسِينَ وَرُهۡبَانٗا وَأَنَّهُمۡ لَا يَسۡتَكۡبِرُونَ 82وَإِذَا سَمِعُواْ مَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَى ٱلرَّسُولِ تَرَىٰٓ أَعۡيُنَهُمۡ تَفِيضُ مِنَ ٱلدَّمۡعِ مِمَّا عَرَفُواْ مِنَ ٱلۡحَقِّۖ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَآ ءَامَنَّا فَٱكۡتُبۡنَا مَعَ ٱلشَّٰهِدِينَ 83٨٣وَمَا لَنَا لَا نُؤۡمِنُ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَا جَآءَنَا مِنَ ٱلۡحَقِّ وَنَطۡمَعُ أَن يُدۡخِلَنَا رَبُّنَا مَعَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ 84فَأَثَٰبَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِمَا قَالُواْ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَآءُ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ 85وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَكَذَّبُواْ بَِٔايَٰتِنَآ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَحِيمِ86
Verse 82: 20. Christian faith leaders.21. Those fully dedicated to worship.,
ADVICE TO THE BELIEVERS: 1) EAT HALAL
87O believers! Do not forbid the good things that Allah has allowed for you, and do not break the rules. Surely Allah does not like rule-breakers. 88Eat from the good, pure things provided to you by Allah. And keep Allah in mind—the One you believe in.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تُحَرِّمُواْ طَيِّبَٰتِ مَآ أَحَلَّ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ وَلَا تَعۡتَدُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُعۡتَدِينَ 87وَكُلُواْ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗاۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَنتُم بِهِۦ مُؤۡمِنُونَ88
2) WATCH YOUR OATHS
89Allah will not hold you responsible for unintentional oaths, but He will hold you responsible for intentional oaths. The penalty for a broken oath is to feed ten poor people from what you normally feed your own family, or to clothe them, or to free a slave. But if none of this is affordable, then you must fast three days. This is the penalty for breaking your oaths. So, be careful with your oaths. This is how Allah makes things clear to you, so perhaps you will be grateful.
لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِٱللَّغۡوِ فِيٓ أَيۡمَٰنِكُمۡ وَلَٰكِن يُؤَاخِذُكُم بِمَا عَقَّدتُّمُ ٱلۡأَيۡمَٰنَۖ فَكَفَّٰرَتُهُۥٓ إِطۡعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَٰكِينَ مِنۡ أَوۡسَطِ مَا تُطۡعِمُونَ أَهۡلِيكُمۡ أَوۡ كِسۡوَتُهُمۡ أَوۡ تَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖۖ فَمَن لَّمۡ يَجِدۡ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَٰثَةِ أَيَّامٖۚ ذَٰلِكَ كَفَّٰرَةُ أَيۡمَٰنِكُمۡ إِذَا حَلَفۡتُمۡۚ وَٱحۡفَظُوٓاْ أَيۡمَٰنَكُمۡۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ89
BACKGROUND STORY
Before alcohol was banned, a group of Muslims in Madinah became drunk and started fighting amongst themselves. Consequently, **verses 90-91 were revealed to prohibit drinking**.
According to a Hadith reported by **Imam Al-Bukhari**, **verse 93** was revealed concerning those who used to consume alcohol and passed away before its prohibition.
AVOID HARAM
90O believers! Certainly drinking, gambling, idols, and drawing lots for decisions are all evil, of Satan's making. Avoid them so you may be successful. 91Satan's plan is to use drinking and gambling to turn you into enemies, hating each other, and to prevent you from remembering Allah and from praying. Will you not then quit? 92Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and be careful! But if you turn away, then know that Our Messenger's duty is only to deliver 'the message' clearly. 93There is no blame on those who believe and do good for what they consumed before the ban', as long as they fear Allah, believe, and do what is right, then they keep Allah in mind and have faith, then always keep Allah in mind and do good. Allah loves those doing good.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡخَمۡرُ وَٱلۡمَيۡسِرُ وَٱلۡأَنصَابُ وَٱلۡأَزۡلَٰمُ رِجۡسٞ مِّنۡ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ فَٱجۡتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ 90إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ أَن يُوقِعَ بَيۡنَكُمُ ٱلۡعَدَٰوَةَ وَٱلۡبَغۡضَآءَ فِي ٱلۡخَمۡرِ وَٱلۡمَيۡسِرِ وَيَصُدَّكُمۡ عَن ذِكۡرِ ٱللَّهِ وَعَنِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِۖ فَهَلۡ أَنتُم مُّنتَهُونَ 91وَأَطِيعُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُواْ ٱلرَّسُولَ وَٱحۡذَرُواْۚ فَإِن تَوَلَّيۡتُمۡ فَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّمَا عَلَىٰ رَسُولِنَا ٱلۡبَلَٰغُ ٱلۡمُبِينُ 92لَيۡسَ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ جُنَاحٞ فِيمَا طَعِمُوٓاْ إِذَا مَا ٱتَّقَواْ وَّءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ ثُمَّ ٱتَّقَواْ وَّءَامَنُواْ ثُمَّ ٱتَّقَواْ وَّأَحۡسَنُواْۚ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ93
NO HUNTING DURING HAJJ
94O believers! Allah will certainly test you with animals within the reach of your hands and spears to identify those who fear Allah without seeing Him. Whoever breaks the rules from now on will suffer a painful punishment. 95O believers! Do not hunt animals while on hajj. Whoever kills an animal intentionally must pay back by sacrificing something similar—as decided by two fair men among you—to be offered at the Ka'bah, or by feeding the needy, or by fasting so that they can taste the evil consequences of their actions. Allah has forgiven what was done in the past. But whoever does it again will be punished by Allah. And Allah is Almighty, capable of punishment. 96However, it is allowed for you to fish and eat seafood, for your benefit as well as other travellers. But, again, hunting on land is forbidden to you while on hajj. Keep Allah in mind—to Whom you will all be gathered 'for judgment'. 97Allah has made the Ka'bah—the Holy House—for the benefit of everyone, along with the holy months, the animal offerings as well as their special decorations. This is for you to know that Allah knows whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth and that He has 'perfect' knowledge of everything. 98Know that Allah is severe in punishment and that He is Forgiving and Merciful. 99The Messenger's duty is only to deliver the message'. And Allah fully' knows what you show and what you hide.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَيَبۡلُوَنَّكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِشَيۡءٖ مِّنَ ٱلصَّيۡدِ تَنَالُهُۥٓ أَيۡدِيكُمۡ وَرِمَاحُكُمۡ لِيَعۡلَمَ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَخَافُهُۥ بِٱلۡغَيۡبِۚ فَمَنِ ٱعۡتَدَىٰ بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ فَلَهُۥ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ 94٩٤ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَقۡتُلُواْ ٱلصَّيۡدَ وَأَنتُمۡ حُرُمٞۚ وَمَن قَتَلَهُۥ مِنكُم مُّتَعَمِّدٗا فَجَزَآءٞ مِّثۡلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ ٱلنَّعَمِ يَحۡكُمُ بِهِۦ ذَوَا عَدۡلٖ مِّنكُمۡ هَدۡيَۢا بَٰلِغَ ٱلۡكَعۡبَةِ أَوۡ كَفَّٰرَةٞ طَعَامُ مَسَٰكِينَ أَوۡ عَدۡلُ ذَٰلِكَ صِيَامٗا لِّيَذُوقَ وَبَالَ أَمۡرِهِۦۗ عَفَا ٱللَّهُ عَمَّا سَلَفَۚ وَمَنۡ عَادَ فَيَنتَقِمُ ٱللَّهُ مِنۡهُۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٞ ذُو ٱنتِقَامٍ 95أُحِلَّ لَكُمۡ صَيۡدُ ٱلۡبَحۡرِ وَطَعَامُهُۥ مَتَٰعٗا لَّكُمۡ وَلِلسَّيَّارَةِۖ وَحُرِّمَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ صَيۡدُ ٱلۡبَرِّ مَا دُمۡتُمۡ حُرُمٗاۗ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِيٓ إِلَيۡهِ تُحۡشَرُونَ 96جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡكَعۡبَةَ ٱلۡبَيۡتَ ٱلۡحَرَامَ قِيَٰمٗا لِّلنَّاسِ وَٱلشَّهۡرَ ٱلۡحَرَامَ وَٱلۡهَدۡيَ وَٱلۡقَلَٰٓئِدَۚ ذَٰلِكَ لِتَعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٌ 97ٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ 98مَّا عَلَى ٱلرَّسُولِ إِلَّا ٱلۡبَلَٰغُۗ وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُ مَا تُبۡدُونَ وَمَا تَكۡتُمُونَ99
Verse 95: 22. For example, if a man kills a deer, he must sacrifice a goat.
BACKGROUND STORY
Sometimes people would ask the Prophet unnecessary or even ridiculous questions. For example, someone asked him, 'Who is my real father?' Another asked, 'Where will I end up: Paradise or Hell?' Had the Prophet given them an answer they didn't like, it would have surely disturbed their lives.
Some individuals requested new rulings that might have made things difficult for many Muslims, or even for themselves. For instance, one companion persistently asked, 'Should we perform Hajj every year?' If the Prophet had said yes, we would be obligated to perform Hajj every 12 months, which would be impossible for many.
Some hypocrites asked the Prophet questions merely for amusement. For example, they would inquire, 'What do I have in my pocket?' or 'Where is my lost camel?'
**Verses 101-102** were revealed to discourage people from asking such questions. However, there is nothing wrong with asking beneficial questions to learn about Islam, halal and haram, and to grow in faith. (Imam Ibn Kathir & Imam Al-Qurtubi)
WORDS OF WISDOM
This lesson is crucial for all of us: there's no reason to ask people about personal things they don't want to discuss. For example:
1. Asking a child why their parents got a divorce. 2. Asking someone how much money they make per month. 3. Asking a married couple why they don't have kids. 4. Asking a disabled person why they can't walk.
When you put so much pressure on someone to give you an answer, they will either be offended, annoyed, or even forced to lie. Sometimes it's better for us to mind our own business and leave people alone.
It's even more interesting when people kill time by asking Google or Siri questions like: 1. What is zero minus zero? 2. Does my tooth hurt? 3. What color is the black stone?
As far as unnecessary questions are concerned, I live by this German saying: 'Was ich nicht weiß macht mich nicht heiß,' pronounced: /vas ish nisht vayis, makht mish nisht hayis/, which means: 'What I don't know doesn't bother me!'
STAY FOCUSED
100Say, "O Prophet, 'Good and evil are not equal, even though you may be surprised by the spread of evil. So keep Allah in mind, O you who truly understand, so you may be successful!'" 101O believers! Do not ask about things that may disturb you if you get the answer. But if you ask about what is being revealed in the Quran, it will be made clear to you. Allah has forgiven the past. And Allah is full of forgiveness and patience. 102Other people before you asked such questions then rejected their answers.
قُل لَّا يَسۡتَوِي ٱلۡخَبِيثُ وَٱلطَّيِّبُ وَلَوۡ أَعۡجَبَكَ كَثۡرَةُ ٱلۡخَبِيثِۚ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ يَٰٓأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ 100يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَسَۡٔلُواْ عَنۡ أَشۡيَآءَ إِن تُبۡدَ لَكُمۡ تَسُؤۡكُمۡ وَإِن تَسَۡٔلُواْ عَنۡهَا حِينَ يُنَزَّلُ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانُ تُبۡدَ لَكُمۡ عَفَا ٱللَّهُ عَنۡهَاۗ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٞ 101قَدۡ سَأَلَهَا قَوۡمٞ مِّن قَبۡلِكُمۡ ثُمَّ أَصۡبَحُواْ بِهَا كَٰفِرِينَ102
BACKGROUND STORY
Before Islam, idol-worshippers would give special treatment to certain camels after they had fathered or given birth to a specific number of male or female camels. These animals were then dedicated to idols, allowed to graze freely wherever they wished, and were not used for any kind of work.
(Imam Ibn Kathir & Imam Ibn 'Ashur)
BLIND FOLLOWING
103Allah has never authorized things like the bahirah, sa'ibah, waşilah, and ham camels. But the unfaithful 'idol-worshippers' just make up lies about Allah, and most of them have no sense. 104When it is said to them, "Come to Allah's revelations and to the Messenger" they argue, "What we found our fathers practicing is good enough for us." What! Even if their fathers had absolutely no knowledge or guidance? 105O believers! You are responsible only for yourselves. It will not harm you if someone chooses to stray, as long as you are 'rightly' guided. To Allah you will all return, and He will make you realize what you did.
مَا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِنۢ بَحِيرَةٖ وَلَا سَآئِبَةٖ وَلَا وَصِيلَةٖ وَلَا حَامٖ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ يَفۡتَرُونَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡكَذِبَۖ وَأَكۡثَرُهُمۡ لَا يَعۡقِلُونَ 103وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمۡ تَعَالَوۡاْ إِلَىٰ مَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ وَإِلَى ٱلرَّسُولِ قَالُواْ حَسۡبُنَا مَا وَجَدۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ ءَابَآءَنَآۚ أَوَلَوۡ كَانَ ءَابَآؤُهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ شَيۡٔٗا وَلَا يَهۡتَدُونَ 104يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ عَلَيۡكُمۡ أَنفُسَكُمۡۖ لَا يَضُرُّكُم مَّن ضَلَّ إِذَا ٱهۡتَدَيۡتُمۡۚ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ مَرۡجِعُكُمۡ جَمِيعٗا فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ105
Verse 105: 23. In other words, when you share Islam with others, encourage them to do good, and advise them to avoid evil, you are not responsible if they don't listen to you.
BACKGROUND STORY
Verses 106-108 were revealed concerning the case of a Muslim man named **Budail ibn Adi** as he was dying. Budail was traveling with two Christian men, **Tamim** and **'Adi**. He gave them his pack, which contained a silver bowl (decorated with golden date tree leaves), to deliver to his family. However, they stole the bowl and sold it in Makkah for 1,000 dirhams (silver coins), returning only the pack to his family.
Unbeknownst to them, Budail had secretly written a will (mentioning the bowl) and placed it in his pack. When his guardians discovered the will, they brought Tamim and 'Adi to the Prophet. When questioned about the expensive bowl, they swore by Allah that they had never seen it. Later, the bowl was found in Makkah, and the buyer stated he had acquired it from Tamim and 'Adi. The guardians then swore to the Prophet that the two men were lying. Consequently, Tamim and 'Adi were ordered to pay the bowl's price to Budail's family.
(Imam Al-Bukhari)
MAKING A LAST WILL BEFORE DYING
106O believers! When any of you is about to die, call upon two reliable Muslim men to witness—as you make the last will—or two non-Muslims if you start dying while travelling. Later, if there are doubts about the two witnesses, they should be kept back after salah and made to swear by Allah, saying: 'We would never sacrifice the truth for any price, even in favour of a close relative, or refuse to witness for Allah. Otherwise, we would truly be sinful.' 107However, if they are found guilty 'of lying', the dead person's two closest relatives affected by the will shall replace the witnesses and swear by Allah, saying: 'Our words are more accurate than theirs. We are not being unfair. Otherwise, we would truly be doing wrong.' 108In this way, the witnesses will likely speak the truth or fear that their words will be challenged by the relatives. Keep Allah in mind and obey. Allah does not guide those out of control.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ شَهَٰدَةُ بَيۡنِكُمۡ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ ٱلۡمَوۡتُ حِينَ ٱلۡوَصِيَّةِ ٱثۡنَانِ ذَوَا عَدۡلٖ مِّنكُمۡ أَوۡ ءَاخَرَانِ مِنۡ غَيۡرِكُمۡ إِنۡ أَنتُمۡ ضَرَبۡتُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَأَصَٰبَتۡكُم مُّصِيبَةُ ٱلۡمَوۡتِۚ تَحۡبِسُونَهُمَا مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ فَيُقۡسِمَانِ بِٱللَّهِ إِنِ ٱرۡتَبۡتُمۡ لَا نَشۡتَرِي بِهِۦ ثَمَنٗا وَلَوۡ كَانَ ذَا قُرۡبَىٰ وَلَا نَكۡتُمُ شَهَٰدَةَ ٱللَّهِ إِنَّآ إِذٗا لَّمِنَ ٱلۡأٓثِمِينَ 106فَإِنۡ عُثِرَ عَلَىٰٓ أَنَّهُمَا ٱسۡتَحَقَّآ إِثۡمٗا فََٔاخَرَانِ يَقُومَانِ مَقَامَهُمَا مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَٱسۡتَحَقَّ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡأَوۡلَيَٰنِ فَيُقۡسِمَانِ بِٱللَّهِ لَشَهَٰدَتُنَآ أَحَقُّ مِن شَهَٰدَتِهِمَا وَمَا ٱعۡتَدَيۡنَآ إِنَّآ إِذٗا لَّمِنَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ 107ذَٰلِكَ أَدۡنَىٰٓ أَن يَأۡتُواْ بِٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ عَلَىٰ وَجۡهِهَآ أَوۡ يَخَافُوٓاْ أَن تُرَدَّ أَيۡمَٰنُۢ بَعۡدَ أَيۡمَٰنِهِمۡۗ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَٱسۡمَعُواْۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ108
Verse 106: 24. If no Muslim witnesses can be found.
ALLAH'S FAVOURS UPON ISA
109Watch for the Day Allah will gather the messengers and say, 'How did the people respond to your call?' They will reply, 'Our knowledge is nothing 'compared to Yours'. Indeed, You alone know all unknowns.' 110And 'on Judgment Day Allah will say, 'O Isa, son of Maryam! Remember My favours upon you and your mother: how I supported you with the holy spirit 'Jibril' So you spoke to people as a newborn and as an adult. How I taught you writing, wisdom, the Tawrah, and the Injil. How you made a bird from clay—by My permission—and breathed into it and it became a 'real' bird—by My permission. How you healed the blind and the leper—by My permission. How you raised the dead back to life—by My permission. How I prevented the Children of Isra'il from harming you when you came to them with clear proofs and the disbelievers among them argued, 'This is nothing but pure magic.' 111And how I inspired your early followers: 'Believe in Me and My messenger!' They declared, 'We believe, and be our witness that we fully submit 'to Allah'.
يَوۡمَ يَجۡمَعُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلرُّسُلَ فَيَقُولُ مَاذَآ أُجِبۡتُمۡۖ قَالُواْ لَا عِلۡمَ لَنَآۖ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ عَلَّٰمُ ٱلۡغُيُوبِ 109إِذۡ قَالَ ٱللَّهُ يَٰعِيسَى ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ ٱذۡكُرۡ نِعۡمَتِي عَلَيۡكَ وَعَلَىٰ وَٰلِدَتِكَ إِذۡ أَيَّدتُّكَ بِرُوحِ ٱلۡقُدُسِ تُكَلِّمُ ٱلنَّاسَ فِي ٱلۡمَهۡدِ وَكَهۡلٗاۖ وَإِذۡ عَلَّمۡتُكَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةَ وَٱلۡإِنجِيلَۖ وَإِذۡ تَخۡلُقُ مِنَ ٱلطِّينِ كَهَيَۡٔةِ ٱلطَّيۡرِ بِإِذۡنِي فَتَنفُخُ فِيهَا فَتَكُونُ طَيۡرَۢا بِإِذۡنِيۖ وَتُبۡرِئُ ٱلۡأَكۡمَهَ وَٱلۡأَبۡرَصَ بِإِذۡنِيۖ وَإِذۡ تُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ بِإِذۡنِيۖ وَإِذۡ كَفَفۡتُ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ عَنكَ إِذۡ جِئۡتَهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ فَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ إِنۡ هَٰذَآ إِلَّا سِحۡرٞ مُّبِينٞ 110وَإِذۡ أَوۡحَيۡتُ إِلَى ٱلۡحَوَارِيِّۧنَ أَنۡ ءَامِنُواْ بِي وَبِرَسُولِي قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَٱشۡهَدۡ بِأَنَّنَا مُسۡلِمُونَ111
Verse 109: 25. Meaning 'we don't know who was a true believer and who was a hypocrite' or 'we don't know who remained faithful after we left.
Verse 110: 26. A leper is someone with an infectious skin condition
Verse 111: 27. As Muslims.
WORDS OF WISDOM
The heart and the stomach are neighbors. As we can see in **verse 113**, the early followers of **Isa (Jesus)** told him that once they had eaten from the heavenly table they requested, their hearts would be satisfied. In practical life, if you have issues with someone or you want to discuss something important with a friend, maybe you can take them out for lunch or dinner. People's hearts are open when they see food, and this will make your discussion easy, in-sha-Allah.
MIRACLE OF THE TABLE
112'Remember' when the early followers asked, "O 'Isa, son of Maryam! Would your Lord be willing to send down to us a table full of food from heaven?" 'Isa answered, "Fear Allah if you are 'truly' believers." 113They said, "We would love to eat from it to satisfy our hearts, to be assured what you are telling us is true, and to witness it with our own eyes." 114'Isa, son of Maryam, prayed, "O Allah, our Lord! Send us from heaven a table full of food as a feast for us—the first and last of us—and as a sign from You. Provide for us! You are truly the Best Provider." 115Allah answered, "I am sending it down to you. But whoever among you disbelieves after this will be hit by a punishment I have never unleashed on anyone of My creation."
إِذۡ قَالَ ٱلۡحَوَارِيُّونَ يَٰعِيسَى ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ هَلۡ يَسۡتَطِيعُ رَبُّكَ أَن يُنَزِّلَ عَلَيۡنَا مَآئِدَةٗ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِۖ قَالَ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ 112قَالُواْ نُرِيدُ أَن نَّأۡكُلَ مِنۡهَا وَتَطۡمَئِنَّ قُلُوبُنَا وَنَعۡلَمَ أَن قَدۡ صَدَقۡتَنَا وَنَكُونَ عَلَيۡهَا مِنَ ٱلشَّٰهِدِينَ 113قَالَ عِيسَى ٱبۡنُ مَرۡيَمَ ٱللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَآ أَنزِلۡ عَلَيۡنَا مَآئِدَةٗ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ تَكُونُ لَنَا عِيدٗا لِّأَوَّلِنَا وَءَاخِرِنَا وَءَايَةٗ مِّنكَۖ وَٱرۡزُقۡنَا وَأَنتَ خَيۡرُ ٱلرَّٰزِقِينَ 114قَالَ ٱللَّهُ إِنِّي مُنَزِّلُهَا عَلَيۡكُمۡۖ فَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بَعۡدُ مِنكُمۡ فَإِنِّيٓ أُعَذِّبُهُۥ عَذَابٗا لَّآ أُعَذِّبُهُۥٓ أَحَدٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ115
WORDS OF WISDOM
On Judgment Day, Allah will ask **Jesus ('Isa)** in front of everyone if he ever asked people to worship him and his mother as gods. He will strongly deny such a claim. This will be shocking to many people who spent their whole lives believing that Jesus was God and rejecting those who said he was not.
As we mentioned in Surah 3, people hold different beliefs about Jesus. For example: * **Muslims** believe in him as a prophet. * The **Jews** don't believe in him at all. * Most **Christians** believe he was God or the son of God. * Some **historians** claim that he was a fictional character that never actually existed.
Here are 10 common beliefs about Jesus that need correction: 1. He was **not God**. The Quran and the Bible state he was only a prophet. 2. He is **not one of three gods**. Both books affirm he taught people that God is only One. 3. He was **not sent to everyone**. Both books indicate he came only to the Children of Israel. 4. He is **not the founder of Christianity**. The way the faith is practiced today is the opposite of what he taught. Today's Christianity was mainly introduced by a man named Paul years after Jesus, even though he never met Jesus at all. 5. Prayers should **not be directed to him**. He taught his followers to pray to the One he himself prayed to. 6. He was **not able to do everything on his own**. Jesus himself said that he couldn't do anything without the help of God. 7. He did **not know everything**. For example, Jesus stated very clearly that he didn't know the time of the Final Hour (of Judgment). 8. What the **Gospel teaches about him is not accurate**. The book was written years after Jesus by people who never met or even saw him. This is why there are conflicting versions of the same event in different parts of the Gospel. 9. He was **not born in the winter**. Jesus was born in the summer. 10. He did **not have blond hair or blue eyes**, as always portrayed by European artists.
'ISA DENIES BEING GOD
116And 'on Judgment Day' Allah will say, "O Isa, son of Maryam! Did you ever ask people to worship you and your mother as gods besides Allah?" He will answer, "Glory be to You! How could I ever say what I had no right to say? If I had said such a thing, You would have definitely known it. You know what is hidden 'within me', but I do not know what is within You. Indeed, You alone know all unknowns." 117I never told them anything except what You ordered me to say: 'Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord!' And I was a witness over them as long as I stayed among them. But when You took me, You were watching over them. And You are a Witness over all things. 118If You punish them, they belong to You after all. But if You forgive them, You are truly the Almighty and Wise." 119Allah will declare, "This is the Day when only the faithful will benefit from their faith. They will have Gardens under which rivers flow, to stay there for ever and ever. Allah is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him. That is the biggest success." 120The kingdom of the heavens and the earth and everything within belongs to Allah. And He has power over all things.
وَإِذۡ قَالَ ٱللَّهُ يَٰعِيسَى ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ ءَأَنتَ قُلۡتَ لِلنَّاسِ ٱتَّخِذُونِي وَأُمِّيَ إِلَٰهَيۡنِ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِۖ قَالَ سُبۡحَٰنَكَ مَا يَكُونُ لِيٓ أَنۡ أَقُولَ مَا لَيۡسَ لِي بِحَقٍّۚ إِن كُنتُ قُلۡتُهُۥ فَقَدۡ عَلِمۡتَهُۥۚ تَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي نَفۡسِي وَلَآ أَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي نَفۡسِكَۚ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ عَلَّٰمُ ٱلۡغُيُوبِ 116مَا قُلۡتُ لَهُمۡ إِلَّا مَآ أَمَرۡتَنِي بِهِۦٓ أَنِ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ رَبِّي وَرَبَّكُمۡۚ وَكُنتُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ شَهِيدٗا مَّا دُمۡتُ فِيهِمۡۖ فَلَمَّا تَوَفَّيۡتَنِي كُنتَ أَنتَ ٱلرَّقِيبَ عَلَيۡهِمۡۚ وَأَنتَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ شَهِيدٌ 117إِن تُعَذِّبۡهُمۡ فَإِنَّهُمۡ عِبَادُكَۖ وَإِن تَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ فَإِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ 118قَالَ ٱللَّهُ هَٰذَا يَوۡمُ يَنفَعُ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ صِدۡقُهُمۡۚ لَهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٞ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَدٗاۖ رَّضِيَ ٱللَّهُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَرَضُواْ عَنۡهُۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ 119لِلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا فِيهِنَّۚ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرُۢ120
Verse 118: As Your creation, they cannot escape the punishment.